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The objective of this study was to establish the composition of strawberry preparations rich in ellagitannins obtained using water or acetone extraction (EF and EP preparation, respectively). Then, biological effect of these extracts was assessed in 4-wk nutritional experiment on Wistar rats. The preparations were applied in cholesterol-containing diets that had equal content of ellagitannins (0.03%). To measure animals response, parameters describing the caecal fermentation (ammonia and short-chain fatty acid concentrations, bacterial enzymes activity), blood serum lipoprotein profile, and TBARS content in selected tissues (heart, liver, kidney) were assessed. Apart from polyphenols, including ellagitannins (7.8 and 7.1%, respectively), the EF preparation contained high quantities of soluble dietary fibre and other carbohydrates (33.3 and 38.9%, respectively), whereas the EP preparation was characterised by 58.9% content of ellagitannins, no dietary fibre and a high content of proanthocyanidins (16.9%). In comparison to EF group, the dietary treatment with EP had a stronger effect on caecal environment as manifested by decreased digesta bulk, ß-glucuronidase activity and total short-chain fatty acid concentration (P<0.05 vs. group C without supplementation). Both preparations lowered lipaemia and glycaemia. It could be concluded that more efficient acetone extraction of strawberry pomace increased the content of both ellagitannins and proanthocyanidins in the polyphenolic preparation, which caused a stronger inhibiting effect on caecal fermentation processes and at the same time lowered blood triacyl-glycerols and glucose level. Considering the equal content of ellagitannins in both supplemented diets, it may be speculated that the above effects were due to the presence of proanthocyanidin fraction.
The objective of our study was to determine and compare the neutral dietary fibre (NDF) and acid dietary fibre (ADF) contents in the pomace from the processing of two apple varieties (Idared and Champion), two strawberry varieties (Ducat and Kent), chokeberry, black currant, red cabbage, and two carrot varieties (Black carrot and Dolanka). Chokeberry pomace was found to contain the largest, and Dolanka carrot pomace the smallest amounts of NDF and ADF. The results imply that chokeberry pomace, black currant pomace and strawberry (both Ducat and Kent) pomace should be recommended as best suited for the production of high DF food components.
Celem badań było określenie zdolności sorpcji kadmu w obecności magnezu przez preparaty z wytłoków czarnych porzeczek i ich kompozycji z wytłokami jabłkowymi oraz wpływu poszczególnych frakcji włókna pokarmowego na jego zdolności sorpcyjne. Oba preparaty wytłokowe w około 35% wiązały kadm, niezależnie od warunków prowadzonego eksperymentu, natomiast preparat mieszany był lepszym desorbentem magnezu.
The aim of this investigation was to determine the relationships between lead sorption and calcium desorption on black currant pomace fibre preparations and their compositions with apple pomace, as well as to assess the suitability of fibre composition as selective sorbents of metals (Pb, Ca) in certain foodstuffs. It was found that the investigated materials had a high dietary fibre content (>65%) and satisfied the requirements of the standard concerning the permitted value for toxic metals in foodstuffs. Hence, they could be used as food additives. The investigations have shown that fibre preparations are characterised by a strong lead binding capacity (ca. 85% on the average) and that another characteristic property of these materials is their ability to desorb calcium. On the basis of statistical analysis of the results it can be stated that there were interactions between Ca and Pb on the pomace preparations studied.
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