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In laboratory condition phenolic compounds, such as scopoletin, the ferulic, p-coumaric and trans-cinnamic acid retarded growth of Phoma exigua var. foveata mycelium. Equal effect revealed inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, DFMA and DFMO. A role of tested substances in potato gangrene pathogenesis is discussed.
The effects of the exogenous growth regulators abscisic and gibberellic acids (ABA and GA3) on the activity of arginine (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylases (ODC) during dormancy breaking were studied in beech seed. During cold-stratification at 3°C, ADC and ODC activity increased rapidly starting from week 7 in embryo axes and week 8 in cotyledons. At 15°C, ADC activity was higher than ODC activity in embryo axes until week 7 and in cotyledons until week 8. Exogenous growth regulators clearly affected ADC and ODC activity. In embryo axes, ADC activity reached its maximum under the influence of GA3 between weeks 4 and 8. In the control variant (water temp. 3°C), enzymatic activity was moderately high, peaking in week 9 when a high proportion of seeds already showed germinability. In cotyledons the influence of GA3 on ADC activity was noticeable particularly during the first and last weeks. In the control variant the pattern of changes in the activity of this enzyme was similar but at a much lower level. ABA in both organs clearly inhibited ADC activity, but particularly at the end of the experiment. ODC activity in all variants of the experiment was higher in embryo axes than in cotyledons. The dynamics of change in ODC activity were similar to the changes in ADC activity in embryo axes and in cotyledons.
Polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors, DL-α-difluromethylornithine (DFMO) and DL-α-difluromethylarginine (DFMA) at concentrations of 1.0 and 3.0 mM greatly inhibited mycelial growth of Phyllosticta antirrhini on Czapek Dox Agar (CDA). Putrescine at the concentration of 1.0 mM completely reversed the inhibitory effect of DFMO but only partially that of DFMA. Both polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors at concentrations 1.0 and 3.0 mM applied preventively and curatively strongly inhibited the development of the pathogen on snapdragon leaves.
A differential expression pattern of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT), the enzyme critical to proper homeostasis of cellular polyamines, is reported in mouse kidney undergoing hyperplasia and hypertrophy. We have shown that SSAT activity and SSAT mRNA are significantly induced by antifolate CB 3717 and folate that evoke a drug-injury-dependent hyperplasia. In contrast, SSAT activity is down-regulated in the testosterone-induced hypertrophic kidney, while SSAT mRNA is positively controlled by this androgen. Catecholamine depletion evoked by reser- pine drastically decreases the folate-induced activity of «S-adenosylmethionine decar- boxylase (AdoMetDC), which limits polyamine biosynthesis, but has no effect on SSAT activity augmented by CB 3717. Our results document that the increased SSAT expression solely accompanies the proliferative response of mouse kidney, and sug­gest the importance of post-transcriptional regulation to the control of SSAT activity in both hyperplastic and hypertrophic experimental models.
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