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The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota in Israeli soils

100%

Blaszkowski J., Czerniawska B.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

2006

tom 75

nr 4

339-350

In December 1997 and June-July 2000, 49 and 113 rhizosphere soil and root mixtures were collected, respectively, to determine the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the phylum Glomeromycota in different sites of Israel. Except for five samples taken from under cultivated plants, all the others came from under Ammophila arenaria and Oenothera drummondii colonizing sand dunes adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea. After a continuous cultivation of the mixtures in pot trap cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the plant host up to 2006 and their examination at least twice a year, spores of AMF were found in 41 and 103 cultures with the 1997 and 2000 soil and root mixtures, respectively. The spores represented 30 species and 8 undescribed morphotypes in 7 genera of the Glomeromycota. The AMF most frequently found in Israeli soils were Glomus aurantium and G. constrictum, followed by G. coronatum, G. gibbosum, an undescribed Glomus 178, and Scutellospora dipurpurescens. Up to 2001, 21 species of AMF were known to occur in Israel, and this paper increases this number to 33, of which 11 are new fungi for this country. Moreover, four species, G. aurantium, G. drummondii, G. walkeri and G. xanthium, were recently described as new for science based on spores isolated from Israeli soils. Additionally, the general distribution in the world of the formally described species found in Israel was presented.

The differential expression of ribosomal 18S RNA paralog genes from the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera

84%

Barthelemy R. M., Grino M., Pontarotti P., Casanova J.-P., Faure E.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

2007

tom 12

nr 4

573-583

Chaetognaths constitute a small marine phylum of approximately 120 species. Two classes of both 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequences have been evidenced in this phylum, even though significant intraindividual variation in the sequences of rRNA genes is unusual in animal genomes. These observations led to the hypothesis that this unusual genetic characteristic could play one or more physiological role(s). Using in situ hybridization on the frontal sections of the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera, we found that the 18S Class I genes are expressed in the whole body, with a strong expression throughout the gut epithelium, whereas the expression of the 18S Class II genes is restricted to the oocytes. Our results could suggest that the paralog products of the 18S Class I genes are probably the “housekeeping” 18S rRNAs, whereas those of class II would only be essential in specific tissues. These results provide support for the idea that each type of 18S paralog is important for specific cellular functions and is under the control of selective factors.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

1 Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

1 Barthelemy R. M.

1 Blaszkowski J.

1 Casanova J.-P.

1 Czerniawska B.

1 Faure E.

1 Grino M.

1 Pontarotti P.

1 2007

1 2006

Wyniki wyszukiwania

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota in Israeli soils

The differential expression of ribosomal 18S RNA paralog genes from the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera