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1

Humoral response of mice infected with Toxocara canis following different infection schemes

100%
Novak J., Panska L., Machacek T., Kolarova L., Horak P.
Acta Parasitologica
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2017
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tom 62
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nr 4
2
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Can the dab [Limanda limanda] be a paratenic host of Anguillicola crassus [Nematoda: Dracunculoidea]? The Gulf of Gdansk and Vistula Lagoon [Poland] example

100%
Rolbiecki L.
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
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2004
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tom 50
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nr 2
3
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Stickleback as a potential paratenic host in the Anisakis simplex life cycle in the Baltic Sea: results of experimental infection

100%
Rolbiecki L., Janc A., Rokicki J.
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
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2001
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tom 47
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nr 3
Anisakis simplex stage 3 larvae found in herring were used to experimentally infect 155 sticklebacks and 6 nine-spined sticklebacks, caught in the Gdynia marina (Gulf of Gdańsk). The larvae were observed in the fish body cavity as early as 24 h after infection, only the sticklebacks being affected. Altogether, 50 live and 2 dead larvae were found in the stickleback body cavity. The infection prevalence and mean intensity were 13.6% and 2.4 larvae, respectively, from 1 to 8 larvae per fish being recorded. It is concluded that the stickleback may serve as a paratenic host for Anisakis simplex.
4

Dasyhelea necrophila Spinelli et Rodriguez, 1999 [Diptera, Ceratopogonidae] a new potential paratenic host of Paragordius varius [Leidy, 1851] [Gordiida, Nematomorpha]

100%
Villalobos C., Ronderos M.
Acta Parasitologica
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2003
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tom 48
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nr 3
Nematomorph larvae are known to enter aquatic insect larvae where they can encyst or present a limited development. These paratenic hosts serve only as vehicles to reach the definitive hosts and then complete their life cycle. In this work, through experimental infections it was proved that Dasyhelea necrophila (Ceratopogonidae) larvae can be considered as potential paratenic hosts of Paragordius varius (Nematomorpha) larvae. Although the D. necrophila larvae were infected by ingestion, in one pupa where the parasitic larva entered the respiratory horn it is possible that the penetration could have been performed through one of the spiracles of the respiratory horn. The parasitic larvae did not form cysts covered by a gelatinous substance but presented different levels of melanization.
5

The morphology of an unique population of Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from the Caspian seal, Pusa caspica, in the land-locked Caspian Sea using SEM, with special notes on histopathology

80%
Amin O. M., Heckmann R. A., Halajian A., El-Naggar A. M.
Acta Parasitologica
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2011
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tom 56
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nr 4
Over 700 specimens of Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi, 1802) Lühe, 1904 were collected from one young male Caspian seal, Pusa caspica (Gmelin) in the southern land-locked Caspian Sea in April, 2009. Collected worms showed consistent variations from those reported by other observers using light microscopy especially in proboscis hook and trunk spine patterns. SEM images revealed many features that have not been previously reported including the shape and distribution of trunk spines, dorsoventral differences in proboscis hooks and their organization, the baldness of anterior proboscis, the rough egg topography, epidermal micropores, and variations in the female gonopore. This isolated population of C. strumosum from the land-locked Caspian Sea is distinguished from others reported from open waters elsewhere by the distribution of trunk spines, consistently smaller size of trunk and testes, larger eggs, and fewer proboscis hooks. Histopathological sections reveal the invasive path of worms in host tissue with damage to intestinal villi and worm encapsulation. Information obtained from SEM studies and histopathological sections is reported for the first time.
6

Paratenic hosts: larval survival strategy of Paragordius varius [Leidy, 1851] [Gordiida, Nematomorpha]

80%
De V. C., Rumi A., Nunez V., Schmidt-Rhaesa A., Zanca F.
Acta Parasitologica
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2003
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tom 48
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nr 2
There are numerous open questions concerning the life cycle of horsehair worms (Nematomorpha), especially about the parasitic phase. Complete development takes place only in a few host species. These hosts, almost exclusively arthropods, may be infected directly or indirectly through a paratenic host which carries larvae and cysts of hairworms and was infected in an aquatic habitat. Even though different aquatic animals have been cited as paratenic hosts, little is known about the viability of the larvae or the cysts inside them. On the basis of experimental infections we demonstrate that the larvae entering a paratenic host (Physella cubensis) do not encyst immediately and that larvae and cysts can infect a second paratenic host (Jenynsia multidentata).
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