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On the day of ovulation and next on day 7 after ovulation the ovaries of 20 sheep were examined using the transrectal ultrasound method. To verify the results, similar examination was made with the laparoscopic method. Depending on the stage of the sexual cycle (day 1 vs day 7) the number of Graafian follicles (∅ ≥5 mm) was determined as well as the total number of corpora lutea found in both ovaries. Out of the total number of 53 Graafian follicles found laparoscopically, 42 (79,2%) were detected with the ultrasound method. The detectability of corpora lutea with the ultrasound method was found similar (79,5%). A considerable improvement in the accuracy of ultrasonic measuring was observed when the determinations were repeated next year. This reflects the effect of the experience gathered by the person taking the measurements.
The study presents a comparison of ovulation rate (CL number) and litter size between pure Booroola (BB) and their reciprocal crosses (F1 and F2) with Olkuska sheep. As these breeds express a high reproduction potential and in the same time differ significantly in other performance traits affecting lamb production, it was assumed that their crosses might combine beneficial characteristics of both. When the total numbers of CL were analysed the ovulation rate in BB appeared by 0.6 higher (P≤0.002) than in crossbred ewes (F1 and F2 pooled). However, no such difference was ascertained when analysing the maximum CL numbers. Ovulation rate and litter size did not differ between F1 and F2 crossbred ewes.
In the first of two experiments, numbers of ovulations and day 5 embryo yields were unaffected by fish oil (0, 3 or 6% w/w) in ewe diets; oestradiol concentrations and numbers of large ovarian follicles were increased. Fish oil tended to suppress embryo development and limit blastocyst diameter and cell number but not protein synthesis. In the second experiment IVF-derived embryos were cultured in medium supplemented with foetal calf serum (FCS) or, as in vitro equivalents to Experiment 1, serum from ewes fed rations supplemented with 0 (C), 3 (3F) or 6 (6F)% fish oil. Cleavage rates were not affected by serum source. More Grade 1 to 1.5 blastocysts were produced when using 3F serum (32% of blastocysts) than with C (27%; ns) or 6F (16%; P<0.05) or FCS (10%; P<0.005). It is suggested that at less than 3% inclusion in the diet of ewes, there may be beneficial effects of fish oil fatty acids on embryo production in vivo and of the corresponding ewe serum during in vitro culture. Higher concentrations are counter-productive.
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