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1

Osmophores of the fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea L. [Orchidaceae]

100%
Stpiczynska M.
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
|
2001
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tom 70
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nr 2
2
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Ecological adaptations of the floral structures of Galanthus nivalis L.

84%
Weryszko-Chmielewska E., Chwil M.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2010
|
tom 63
|
nr 2
The structure of the flowers of Galanthus nivalis shows adaptations to early spring flowering conditions as well as adaptations to entomogamy. The tepals produce colour marks and odorous substances. The aim of the present study was to determine the micromorphology and anatomy of tepals, in particular in the regions comprising colour marks which, in accordance with the literature data, emit essential oils. Examination was performed using light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. Large protrusions, corresponding to the location of the green stripes, were found to occur on the adaxial surface of the inner tepals. The epidermal cells in this part of the tepals produce a cuticle with characteristic ornamentation as well as numerous stomata with well-developed outer cuticular ledges. The wide opening of many stomata is evidence of high activity in this area. The fluorescence microscopy images confirm the high activity of the epidermis (scent emission), on both sides of the tepals, as well as of the chloroplast- containing mesophyll. In the abaxial epidermis, there were observed different-sized papillae that also participated in essential oil secretion. The polarization of the epidermal cell protoplasts, large cell nuclei, and the presence of large vacuoles with heterogeneous contents in the peripheral part of the cells correspond to the structural features of the tissues emitting odorous compounds in flowers – osmophores. In freshly opened flowers, the mesophyll of the central part of the perianth segments was composed of several cell layers, whereas in older flowers large air ducts formed, which are adaptations to environmental thermal conditions.
3
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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'Sweet but dangerous': nectaries in carnivorous plants

84%
Plachno B. J.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2007
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tom 60
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nr 2
In carnivorous plants, two types of nectaries occur: extra- floral nectaries, generally associated with prey luring, and floral ones associated with pollination. Nectar produced by extra-floral nectaries not only attracts prey but may also be involved in trapping prey and plays a role in myrmecophily. The diversity of nectary structure in carnivorous plants reflects complicated evolutionary routes in this unique ecological group.
4

Morphological, histological and ultrastructural features of osmophores and nectary of Bulbophyllum wendlandianum (Kraenzl.) Dammer as a representative of the section Cirrhopetalum Lindl. (Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae)

67%
Kowalkowska A. K., Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno M., Turzynski S., Czaplejewicz D.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement
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2014
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tom 56
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nr 1
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Micromorphology and histochemical traits of staminal osmophores in Asphodelus aestivus Brot. flower

67%
Weryszko-Chmielewska E., Chwil M., Sawidis T.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2007
|
tom 60
|
nr 1
The conducted studies pertained to micromorphology of the surface of epidermis cells and histological traits of staminal filaments of Asphodelus aestivus Brot, flowers. The structure of the filaments was analyzed in a light microscope (LM) using various histochemical techniques. The morphology of the surface of the epidermis of filaments was observed in scanning electron microscope (SEM). Filaments Asphodelus aestivus accrete together with the basal part of the abaxial surface with the leaves of perianth. Their lower, wider, and flattened part surrounds the ovary. The epidermis of the staminal osmophores creates papilliose cells and unicellular hairs of various sizes. In the uppermost part of these structures, round marks in the cuticle layer after the emission of discharge were observed with the SEM. The outside, convex wall of the isodiametric cells of the epidermis, papillae and hairs was significantly thicker from the remaining walls. It was covered with cuticle of different ornamentation. The cells that created papillae and hairs had a large, centrally located vacuole and a thin layer of cytoplasm with numerous small vacuoles as well as large, often lobed nuclei. In the protoplasts of these cells the presence of plastids and lipid droplets was noted. During the time of secretion of elicitor between the wall and cuticle of the epidermis cells, convex bubbles were formed, in which the secreted substance was accumulated. At the end of secretion, on the surface of papillae, hairs and other cells of the epidermis, irregularly protrading cuticle was observed. It was noted that the composition of staminal osmophores in the flowers of Asphodelus aestivus includes papillae, hairs and cells of the epidermis that do not form papillae.
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