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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Content of magnesium and other fertilizer compounds in stabilized and dewatered sewage sludge from the Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant in Recz

100%
Dusza E., Zablocki Z., Mieszczerykowska-Wojcikowska B.
Journal of Elementology
|
2009
|
tom 14
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nr 1
63-70
The aim of this study was to determine the content of magnesium and other fertilizer compounds (Ca, K, Na, P, N and S) in stabilized and dewatered sewage sludge stored on dewatered sites at the Municipal Treatment Plant in Recz in 1994-2003. Discharge of post galvanic sewage to the municipal sewer system was evaluated at approximately 10% processed sewage at this treatment plant .The fertilizer value and possible utilization of the sludge was evaluated. When evaluating possible use of the sewage sludge for fertilization purposes in agriculture, it was found that the concentration of magnesium in sludge samples was in the range of 0.2-0.5, on average 0.33%, and was substantially lower than the level of this compound given in literature. The content of this compound in sewage sludge is found in the range 0.02 do 7.6% and depends on the type of a treatment plant, treatment process, and also on the share of industrial sewage. Sewage sludge applied in agriculture should be characterized by a high content of magnesium (approximately 0.6%). Some physical and chemical properties of the examined sewage sludge were very good (loose soil consistency, lack of odor, humidity from 40 to 80%, suitable pH and high concentration of Ca, K, Na, P, N and S). The reaction was in the pH range from 5.6 to 7.0 (from slightly acid to neutral), which is typical of sewage sludge obtained during the biological processing of municipal sewage. The mean content of main nutrient compounds in the sludge, which was N – 2.7%, P – 4.7 and K – 0.18%, enables classification of this material as suitable for use in agriculture. Taking under consideration the content of all macronutrients and physical properties of the sludge produced at the Municipal Treatment Plant in Recz, it can be concluded that this sewage sludge may be applied on agricultural land and used for reclamation of degraded soils. But every batch of sewage sludge should be analyzed and evaluated individually because it may contain excessive amounts of heavy metals due to periodical discharge of post galvanic sewage to municipal sewerage.
2

Soil and groundwater contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application

100%
Luczkiewicz A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2006
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tom 15
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nr 6
The leaching of chemical compounds (NNO3, NNH4, Norg, PpO4 and Ptot) and trace elements (Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb) from sewage sludge and their migration through the soil profile is the subject of this study. The column experiments were carried out under atmospheric conditions corresponding to natu­rally occurring storm events - sewage sludge amended soil was irrigated with high rates of water. The column filter media used in the laboratory tests were similar to the soils present in degraded areas: coal fly ash (FA), coarse grained sand (CGS) and medium grained sand (MGS). Sewage sludge was applied on the top of each column in the quantity corresponding to the best land reclamation practice. The data obtained in the experiments showed the dynamics of chemical compounds' leaching from the sewage sludge and their further transport through the column beds to the effluents. It was discovered that ni­trogen compounds, such as nitrate (NNO3) and ammonium (N ), as well as some heavy metals (Ni and Cd) - originating from the sewage sludge - can reach deeper than 0.8 m and cause the contamination of potential shallow aquifers.
3
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Basic chemical composition, content of micro- and macroelements and antioxidant activity of different varieties of garlic's leaves Polish origin

84%
Piatkowska E., Kopec A., Leszczynska T.
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
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2015
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tom 22
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nr 1
The aim of this study was to comparison of chemical components and antioxidant activity in leaves of winter and spring varieties of garlic, obtained from POLAN Company; Krakow, Poland) as well as in leaves of wild (bear’s) garlic. The content of basic chemical components were determined according to the AOAC methods. Selected minerals content was determined according to the PN procedure. Vitamin C and polyphenols were determined using the Tillman’s and Folin-Ciocalteau’s methods, respectively. The ability to scavenging of the ABTS•+ was analyzed by Re et al. method. Leaves of wild garlic had the significantly lowest amount of dry matter (79.0 g·kg⁻¹), proteins (13.7 g·kg⁻¹), total carbohydrates (50.8 g·kg⁻¹), dietary fiber (26.9 g·kg⁻¹), ash (8.9 g·kg⁻¹), vitamin C (956.1 mg·kg⁻¹), and antioxidant activity (25.0 mmol TEAC·kg⁻¹), but the highest level of crude fat (5.6 g·kg⁻¹), potassium (34.6 g·kg⁻¹), magnesium (1.72 g·kg⁻¹), iron (230.3 mg·kg⁻¹) and zinc (58.8 mg·kg⁻¹) as compared to winter and spring varieties. At the same time, there was no unambiguous differences in the level of basic chemical components (proteins 20.9 ÷ 35.7 g·kg⁻¹, fat 1.6 ÷ 2.8 g·kg⁻¹, total carbohydrates 61.3 ÷ 116.5 g·kg⁻¹, fibre 33.7 ÷ 57.0 g·kg⁻¹, ash 8.9 ÷ 14.1 g·kg⁻¹), antioxidants (vitamin C 75.4 ÷ 459.7 mg·kg⁻¹, polyphenols 335.3 ÷ 1895.1 mg·kg⁻¹), antioxidant activity (27.0 ÷ 30.1 mmol TEAC·kg⁻¹) and the amount of minerals (calcium 7.55 ÷ 28.9 g·kg⁻¹, potassium 15.9 ÷ 28.0 g·kg⁻¹, magnesium 0.85 ÷ 1.32 g·kg⁻¹, sulphur 2.41 ÷ 6.22 g·kg⁻¹, iron 34.4 ÷ 85.7 mg·kg⁻¹, zinc 9.32 ÷ 13.8 mg·kg⁻¹) between winter and spring varieties, as well as between winter varieties.
4

Use of the preliminary Jedlice Reservoir for water protection in the Turawa Reservoir on the Mala Panew River

67%
Wiatkowski M., Czerniawska-Kusza I.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2009
|
tom 38
|
nr 1
83-91
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