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The aim of this study was to identify differences in Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression patterns in normal and diseased tissues of patients with polyps and colorectal cancer. Eight patients were included in the study group (aged 38 to 72 years). Sixteen HG-U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were analysed including four of colonic polyps, four of adenocarcinoma with different degree of histological differentiation (2 poorly and 2 highly differentiated), and eight of macroscopically normal tissue. The levels of selected TLR mRNA transcripts were analysed. An analysis of all per cent variability values with regard to malignancy stage increasing from polyp to stages I to III adenocarcinoma, and normal colon mucosa shows a statistically significant relationship for TLR2 (increasing) and TLR3 (decreasing). In polyps, copy numbers of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR5 mRNA were the highest and TLR7 mRNA the lowest. In normal colon mucosa of polyposis patients the highest mRNA copy numbers were observed for TLR3, and the lowest for TLR7. TLR3 may serve as a marker of colon tissue metaplasia and may indicate the tendency of normal tissue to form polyps transforming to colorectal cancer.
Evaluation of adherence of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from humans and pigs to cheek epithelium cells obtained from humans and pigs was the aim of present study. 51 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica including 34 isolated from the faeces of people who showed typical symptoms of intestinal yersiniosis and 17 isolated from pigs were used in the study. The all Y. enterocolitica strains which were used in the investigation showed the ability of adherence to the cells of cheek epithelium from humans. The cells of Y. enterocolitica strains which had yadA gene more numerously adhered to the cells of cheek epithelium from humans than the cells of strains which did not have yadA gene.
Omówiono efekty toksycznego oddziaływania azotanów i azotynów na funkcje absorpcyjne oraz wydzielnicze błony śluzowej jelita cienkiego. Przedyskutowano wpływ azotanów i azotynów na procesy dojrzewania i różnicowania komórek krypty jelitowej. Oceniono wybrane kierunki odpowiedzi immunologicznej jelita cienkiego w następstwie zatrucia azotanami oraz azotynami.
Studies were conducted on 77 tongues, collected from rabbits being at day 15, 18, 20, 22 and 26 of prenatal life and from rabbits at day 1, 15 and 30 and in the 6th month of postnatal life. Tissues for analyses, collected from the lateral surfaces of the body of the tongue of rabbits, were studied under a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thickness of the epithelium in successive periods of pre- and postnatal life was analyzed morphometrically. As a result of the conducted studies it was shown that the epithelium covering the lateral surfaces of the tongue changes in the course of pre- and postnatal development from an epithelium consisting from 1-2 layers of cells into a nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The thickness of the epithelium increases in successive analyzed periods of life in rabbits. A rapid growth rate was found for the epithelium in the period from day 26 p.c. The lamina propria mucosae is observed in histological slides starting from day 22 p.c. In the same period the presence of elastic fibers was shown. Glycogen was found in the cytoplasm of the epithelial and mesenchymal cells from day 15 to 20 p.c.
Samples of stomach fundus and pylorus tissue collected from eight dogs experimentally infected with third-stage A. simplex В larvae were examined macro- and microscopically. The histopathological changes in these samples were analysed. Pathomorphological examination revealed that A. simplex В larvae actively penetrated the dog’s stomach wall within 2 days of infection. The presence of larvae in the mucous membrane was accompanied by tissue damage and cell infiltration predominantly by eosinophils.
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The aim of this study was to detect Mycoplasma species in the respiratory tract of 110, 310 and 510 day-old groups of cattle by serological, bacteriological and histopathological investigations. Antibodies against M. bovis were found in 75% of the 110 day-old, in 50% – of the 310 day-old and in 55% – of the 510 day-old groups of cattle. Bacteriological examination of the samples from nasal cavities revealed that Mycoplasma carriers were found in 60% of the 110 day-old group of cattle, 40% of the 310 day-old and 40% of the 510 day-old group of cattle. Using the PCR method Mycoplasma was isolated from 25% of lung samples of the 510 day-old group of cattle. Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma dispar were confirmed by serological investigations. Foci of bronchointerstitial pneumonia were determined by histopathological examination in 27.5% of lung samples. Mycoplasma bovis was isolated in 72.7% of bronchointerstitial pneumonia cases. Data processing with an SPSS 13.0 statistical package led to the conclusion that Mycoplasma bovis was found more frequently in the 110 day-old group of cattle (the youngest age group in this study) rather than in the 310 and 510 day-old groups of cattle (χ2 = 6.531; p = 0.038). The results obtained led to the conclusion that serological, bacteriological and histopathological examinations are important in detecting particular animal – carriers of Mycoplasma.
W pracy przeprowadzono ocenę aktywności ATP-azowej i fosfatazowej błony śluzowej jelita cienkiego myszy, które zatruwano dożołądkowo azotynem sodowym przed oraz w trakcie rozwoju włośnicy.
Development of ulcerative colitis was accompanied by the activation of iNOS/COX-2/5-LOX and increased contents of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). The following information was assessed: morphological changes, activity of nitric oxide-synthase, content of nitric oxide, and indexes of lipoperoxidation processes in the mucous membrane of the large intestine (MMLI). Colitis was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of 1 ml of 4% acetic acid. Aminoguanidine - selective inducible nitric oxide-synthase (iNOS) blocker, celecoxib – cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, indomethacin - non-selective COX inhibitor and AA-861 – 5-lipooxygenase (5-LOX) blocker were administered in 1 ml volumes per os 1 hour before and 24 hours after the intrarectal application of acetic acid. It was noticed that blockage of iNOS by aminoguanidine caused enhancement of cytoprotective mechanisms, reduction of iNOS activity and oxidative stress, and an increase in blood L-arginine level as compared to their respective indexes in colitis. Combined blockage of iNOS and COX-2 displayed additive character of their effect on the processes of lipoperoxidation and activity of iNOS. Combined blockage of iNOS, COX-2 and 5-LOX had a manifested cytoprotective effect under condition of ulcerative colitis and was accompanied by a sharp decline in NOS activity and oxidative stress. If each of these systems, iNOS/NO, COX-2/PGE2 and 5-LOX/LTB4 are simultaneously activated due to inflammation, they contribute to the destructive damage of the MMLI, development of oxidative stress, and affect components of the antioxidant protection system. The obtained results substatiate the relevance of treatment of the inflammatory processes with the use of madication capable of combined blockage of iNOS, COX-2, and 5-LOX.
W surowicy krwi pacjentów z rozpoznanym klinicznie i potwierdzonym badaniem histopatologicznym rakiem płaskonabłonkowym błony śluzowej jamy ustnej oznaczono poziom cynku, miedzi i żelaza. Wyniki porównano z zawartościami tych mikroelementów w surowicy osób klinicznie zdrowych. Zastosowano mineralizację próbek,, na sucho ", a jako metodę analityczną - absorpcyjną spektrometrię atomową.
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