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This study examined the effects of different exogenous auxins and cytokinins at 0.1-5.0 mg·l-1 concentration on shoot cuttings of two H. perforatum clones transformed with a wild agropine strain of A. rhizogenes and one untransformed clone. Their sensitivity to the auxins varied and showed concentration-dependent behavior, and the response to auxins differed between the transgenic clones. The number of cuttings of transgenic clones capable of root formation, and the onset of rooting on most of the media with auxins lagged behind the control. The number of differentiated shoots of the transgenic clones on hormone-free medium was two to three times higher than that of the untransformed control. Regenerated shoots of the transgenic clones on basal medium branched much less than the nontransgenic clone. The transgenic and control clones differed in their ability to form shoots on media supplemented with cytokinins. Increased cytokinins led to differentiation of shorter shoots with fewer leaf pairs. Because gene expression studies have shown integration of rolABC genes, their possible impact on the type of morphogenetic response is discussed.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sucrose concentration in the preculture medium, as well as the duration of osmotic dehydration on the efficiency of chrysanthemum ‘Richmond’, ‘Lady Orange’ and ‘Lady Salmon’ cryopreservation by encapsulation-dehydration technique. For all cultivars tested, the best regrowth of cryopreserved shot tips was recorded with 0.25 M sucrose concentration and 10 µM ABA during a two-week preculture, followed by a 4- or 7-day osmotic dehydration. The survival rate ranged from 56.8–58.0% (the Lady group) to 63.6% (‘Richmond’). However, the ability to grow was smaller and reached 18.2–50.7%. It was found that higher sucrose concentration during the preculture slowed the growth of chrysanthemum shoot tips and led to an increased formation of multiple shoots (by activating axillary buds) or deformed adventitious shoots (incapable of further growth). The frequency of tissue hyperhydricity also increased, while the rhizogenesis efficiency decreased when higher sucrose concentration in the preculture medium was applied. The influence of osmotic dehydration duration on the explants morphogenetic response was cultivar-dependent.
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