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1

Relation between fearfulness level and maternal behaviour in Arab mares

100%
Budzynska M., Krupa W.
Animal Science Papers and Reports
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2011
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tom 29
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nr 2
The study aimed at testing the hypothesis that mares’ fearfulness is a potential factor differentiating the level of their maternal behaviour. Twenty purebred Arab mares were used. In part one of the study fearfulness of mares without foals was assessed by their behavioural reactivity and heart rate in response to rotating black-white squares (fearfulness test). On that basis the mares were classified into three groups: (1) fearless, n=8, (2) medium-fearful, n=7 and (3) fearful, n=5. In part two,maternal behaviour of mares was assessed in two sessions of separation test: 3 min dam’s partial separation from foal (mare out of box, but with visual, auditory and olfactory contact with foal) and 3 min full separation (mare out of stable, no contact with foal). Locomotor activity, vocalization and defecation frequency as well as heart rate in mares were recorded during both separation tests. The results showed a relation between mares’ fearfulness and their maternal behaviour. Fearless dams vocalized more (10.63±5.32, mean rank 13.00, P<0.05) and showed higher heart rate (138.00±22.66 beats/min, mean rank 15.40, P<0.05) when totally separated from their foals, compared to fearful dams (4.00±3.74 calls, mean rank 6.10; 116.00±20.32 beats/min, mean rank 7.23, P<0.05). Thus, fearless dams generally displayed higher maternal ability which is vitally important in successful breeding. In conclusion, selecting for low fearfulness ensures appropriate maternal behaviour of the brood mares.
2
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Does a retained placenta influence the maternal behavior of mares 12-hours after foaling?

100%
Krupa W., Tietze M., Budzynska M., Soltys L., Kamieniak J.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica
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2016
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tom 34
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nr 3
3

Maternal behaviour and neuroendocrine regulation of suckling-mediated anovulation in cows

100%
Williams G. L., Griffith M. K.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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1992
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tom 43
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nr 1
4

Maternal behaviour and juvenile dispersal in the Eurasian lynx

100%
Schmidt K.
Acta Theriologica
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1998
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tom 43
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nr 4
Lynx Lynx lynx maternal behaviour and dispersal pattern were studied by radio -telemetry in the Białowieża Primeval Forest, E Poland from 1992-1995. From June­-July, 2 females with kittens used 1-4 dens per month, for 5 to 33 days each, Consecutively used dens were 1-3 km apart and were located in inaccessible places. Female movements were concentrated around the den at this time, Mothers left their kittens and returned to them, on average, 3 times per day. Mean time of female's absence from the den was 4 h 20 min. Mean den attendance averaged 4 hours. In August, kittens began to accompany their mother. At this time, each den was used for 2-3 days only and the distances between consecutive dens were 0.5—2 km. Dens were situated in places where a female killed large prey. In August, a female spent an average of 12 h 50 min with kittens, alternating with 4-h of absence. Subadults dispersed at 9-11 months of age, immediately after separation from their mothers. Four subadult males dispersed for 11, 39, 62 and 129 km from their natal ranges. Two subadult females dispersed for 5 and 9 km. Lynx that moved the farthest distances covered most of their routes during the first two months of dispersal, when they moved 20-32 km/month, compared to 3-11 km/month in the later period. Distant emigrations of two adult lynx (55 km by a male and 120 km by a female) were also recorded. Directions and routes of lynx dispersal and emigration were related to the contemporary distribution and availability of woodlands and forest corridors.
5

Pup retrieval in the African bush Karoo rat

100%
Pillay N., Willan K., Wolhuter W.
Acta Theriologica
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1993
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tom 38
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nr 3
Maternal retrieval of 87 young representing 42 litters of the African bush Karoo rat Otomys unisulcatus F. Cuvier, 1829 was studied in the laboratory. All 17 females studied retrieved young by nipple-clinging, but ten females also mouth-carried the young in 45 out of 93 trials. Unlike nipple-clinging, mouth-carrying was poorly developed, as young were carried by various parts of the body in a non-stereotyped manner. Mouth-carrying in otomyine rodents is unusual; all other species previously studied use nipple-clinging exclusively. Mouth-carrying in O. unisulcatus can be inter­preted in two ways: (1) Nipple-clinging probably evolved in the ancestral otomyines where it reduced the risk of predation on young in unprotected nests. O. unisulcatus occupies well-protected stick lodges where young are not very vulnerable to predation. Hence, the selective advantage of nipple-clinging in O. unisulcatus may be less than in the ancestral otomyines, and it is possible that mouth-carrying may replace nipple- clinging. (2) Alternatively, mouth-carrying may represent merely an experimentally induced response.
6

Selected problems of organising exhibition areas for common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) - zoological data

84%
Zubkowicz R.
Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
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2005
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tom 26
7

Factors affecting material behaviour and responsiveness in sows during periparturient and lactation periods

84%
Nowicki J., Klocek C., Schwarz T.
Annals of Animal Science
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2012
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tom 12
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nr 4
8

Aggressiveness of a Neomys fodiens parous female towards conspecific and N.anomalus intruders

84%
Krushinska N. L., Rychlik L.
Acta Theriologica
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1994
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tom 39
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nr 3
Reactions of a Neomys fodiens (Pennant, 1771) parous female [FP] to 4 conspecific and 3 N. anomalus Cabrera, 1907 intruders were studied quantitatively in enclosure (135 x 135 cm) experiments. Total time of observations was 30 hr. FP initiated 5.6 intraspecific conflicts per 1 hr (1.95/hr of these were pouncings and fightings) with adult males, 0.8 conflicts/hr with a juvenile female, and 4.7 conflicts/hr with a N. ano­malus adult male. Reactions of N. fodiens parous female were several times more aggressive than interactions between non-breeding 'residents' and 'immigrants' of both water shrew species tested under the same conditions in earlier studies.
9

Fostering in European common shrew Sorex araneus [Soricidae, Insectivora]

84%
Haberl W.
Acta Theriologica
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1996
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tom 41
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nr 4
The successful rearing of young Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 by conspecific foster mothers is reported. Nursing shrews showed no aversion towards the presence of strange young in the nest, irrespective of age and size differences, as well as non­-familiar odours of these young. Two adults put in the same container with their young showed no signs of aggression, even after successive removal of the young. The observed phenomena suggest that either olfactory cues are not effective at this stage of development or that maternal instinct inhibits the contradictory information of these cues.
10

Effects of acute hypergravity exposure and parity on maternal behavior in CD-1 mice

84%
Simeoni M., Francia N., Santucci D., Chiarotti F., Alleva E.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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tom 65
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nr 2
11

Maternal behaviour of mares and the condition of foals after parturition

67%
Zurek U., Danek J.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
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2011
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tom 55
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nr 3
Eighteen purebred Arabian mares and six Anglo-Arabian mares were observed during first 4 h after foaling in one of the leading Polish stud farms in two foaling seasons. The aim of the research was to analyse the behaviour of mares and the condition of foals after parturition. Specific behavioural responses like licking, nuzzling, and touching a foal were identified as interactive activities supporting the process of creating the bond between the mare and the foal. The maternal behaviours started immediately after parturition and reached the biggest frequency in the first hour after foaling. The time spent by the mares on standing, resting, and eating has also been measured. The results of observations were compared in reference to mares' breeds and statuses. Aggressive maternal behaviour, both normal and abnormal (perceived as aberration) was noticed. Foal's condition after parturition was assessed on the basis of the first standing up, colostrum nursing, and meconium passing. On average, the foals made attempts to stand up in the 21st min after birth, and the first self-reliant getting up occurred in the 85th min. The share of time spent by the foals in the upright position increased with even hour. Furthermore, the time of the first colostrum nursing was associated with the first standing up. The duration of gestation influenced foals' colostrum nursing and meconium passing.
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