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Field studies were carried out in the 2004 – 2005 growing seasons. The mycological analysis of malting barley (varieties Prestige and Sezam) grains was performed twice: on seeds stored for 30 days and on seeds stored for fi ve months. The infl uence of fungicide treatment on species diversity and the amount of fungal pathogens on kernels of both varieties of malting barley were determined in the studies. Main fungal pathogens of both varieties of malting barley were fi eld fungal species, such as: Alternaria alternata, Epicocum purpurascens, and fungi of the genus Fusarium. The extension of the grain storage period to fi ve months resulted in an increased share of pathogenic species.
Microstructure of malting barley kernels is one of the most significance factor of malt quality and is determined using simple evaluation of vitreous or mealy areas. The object of investigation was to verify the hypothesis, that the colour of endosperm of malting barley kernels depends of variety. The investigated materials were grains of 13 varieties of malting barley. The similarity of varieties was estimated by the electrophoresis of hordeins. The colour was measured using DIA system LUCIA G. It was found, that only the varieties for which the hordein image differed most (Maresi, Sezam, Granal) also differed in terms of the endosperm colour. The differences were statistically significant at p = 0.05. In majority of investigated varieties the endosperm colour was not specific variety feature, however, they are distinguished by hordein electrophoresis.
The previous of our research showed that the endosperm colour of 13 varieties depends of differences in similarity of hordeins. The endosperm colour is not specific for varieties of high similarities of hordeins. Do changes in microstructure of endosperm as a result of 24 hours germinating and heating increase the differences of colour amongst varieties which are more similar in hordeins electrophoregrams. The endosperm colour of 13 varieties was measured using DIA System LUCIA G. It was proved that germinating and heating significant differences in colour of endosperm of some varieties with highly similar hordeins. It suggests the possibility of evaluating the variety uniformity of malting barley batch, as well as predicting the malting quality of grains using evaluation of endosperm colour after one day germinating and heating of grains.
The khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) is one of the most harmful storage pests found on quarantine lists of all the EPPO member countries. The authors, therefore, undertook observations on the duration of the development of the khapra beetle on barley malt and on the kernels of some malting barley varieties, referring the results obtained to the duration of the pest's development on wheat grain, which was used as the control environment is very important. The results seem to prove that although the development of the khapra beetle on barley grain and on malt differs in the duration of particular developmental phases, the differences observed did not have any significant effect on the physiology of the insect.
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