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Since listeriosis, caused by Listeria monocytogenes, is one of the important concerns of public health in Europe related to foodborne zoonoses, an efficient protocol for isolate typing is necessary when performing epidemiological studies. Three standardized PFGE protocols available for L. monocytogenes were briefly reviewed. Since observing a poor-quality of ApaI pulsotypes in our laboratory, enzymes from three different manufacturers were compared. The obtained pulsotypes showed that restriction digestion with ApaI from New England BioLabs should be complemented with a subsequent overnight incubation of PFGE plugs in TE buffer for better performance.
Our study evaluated the sensitivity and repeatability of nested PCR-based assays for directly detecting L. monocytogenes in artificially contaminated human serum, pasteurized milk and physiological saline samples. The detection of the hlyA (267bp) and iap (371bp) gene fragments was compared. The logistic regression (logit model) was used to evaluate the probability of detection of L. monocytogenes at various contamination levels and to calculate the number of test repetitions required to reach necessary detection limits (e.g. 50%, 80%, 90%, and 95%). The reliable limit of detection for both genetic markers, ensuring ≥95% probability of detection, was established at 102 CFU/100μL.
In a herd of Holstein Friesian cattle, (n = 98) kept in a loose housing system, we observed an outbreak of an unusual eye condition, which included unilateral or bilateral hyperaemic conjunctiva, lacrimation, photophobia, anterior uveitis, and cloudy cornea in four highly pregnant heifers, housed together with another older dry cow in dry cow group, during winter. The affected heifers were physically examined and conjunctival swabs, blood samples, individual raw milk samples of lactating cows (n = 78), and corn and hay silage samples were collected for laboratory analyses. Micrococcus sp. and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from one conjunctival swab and Listeria monocytogenes from three others (three heifers). All the affected heifers were serologically negative in complement fixation test for listeriosis. Individual raw milk samples and grass and corn silage samples were negative for Listeria monocytogenes. Organoleptic and chemical analysis of wrapped baled grass silage showed that it was of inferior quality. The affected heifers were for 4 d systematically treated with oxytetracycline and ophthalmic ointment with hydrocortisone and oxytetracycline. All the heifers recovered within a fortnight. Ocular form of listeriosis in heifers was related to feeding of baled grass silage and traumatic injuries were caused by wind carrying particles of sawdust and mineral wool.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and brucellosis in goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa) in Sanliurfa region, Turkey. A total of 82 sera were collected from healthy gazelles and tested for listeriosis, brucellosis and toxoplasmosis by the Osebold Agglutination Test (OAT), Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) and Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT), respectively. 82 gazelles 5 (6.09%) were seropositive for listeriosis, 23 (28.04 %) for toxoplasmosis and all of them were seronegative for brucellosis. No statistically significant differences were observed between male and female gazelles in the seroprevalences of toxoplasmosis and listeriosis. As a result, the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Listeria spp. specific antibodies in G. subgutturosa in the region of Sanliurfa was determined.
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