The paper describes data concerning rabies in wildlife and domestic animals in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship between 2011 and 2012. Oral immunization of foxes against rabies was introduced across the whole voivodeship in 2001. As a result, the number of cases of rabies decreased to two in 2009. In 2010, an increase in rabies cases was recorded in Poland, and in 2012, 257 cases were diagnosed, of which 213 in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The analysis of epizootic data indicates that one of the reasons for the spread of rabies was an insufficient number of vaccine doses distributed by hand in suburban and urban areas. The consequence of this situation was a lower herd immunity, which led to the spread of the virus in population. An increase in the density of fox population and the presence animals (dogs, cats, wild boars) competing with foxes in the uptake of vaccines were important contributing factors.