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The morphology of juvenile stages of moss-mites of the genus Melanozetes Hull: type-species M. mollicomus (C. L. Koch) and M. meridianus Sellnick of the family Ceratozetidae Jacot and subfamily Sphaerozetinae Shaldybina have been described and illustrated.
The morphology of juvenile stages of moss-mites of the genus Fuscozetes Sellnick: the type species F. fuscipes (C. L. Koch) and F. setosus (C. L. Koch) of the family Ceratozetidae is described and illustrated. Author calls as attention to the real morphological characters which differentiate the genus Euscozetes Sellnick from the genus Melanozetes Hull.
The food of Pseudorasbora parva juveniles from the Kis-Balaton Reservoir in Hungary was analyzed. Nine food components, among which filtrating Cladocera dominated, were confirmed in the diet of this fish. The highest values of the relative importance index were observed for Bosmina sp. at 53.7% (September 1991) and Daphnia sp. at 47.6 and 55.5% in July and September 1992, respectively. Due to the presence of this new ichthyofauna representative in Polish waters, it is possible that the pool of fish species which pressure filtrating Cladocera will increase. Additionally, this species may become a food competitor for native fish both in open waters and cultivation reservoirs.
Detailed morphological descriptions of juvenile stages of two oribatid species from the family Damaeidae: Epidamaeus kamaensis (Sellnick, 1925) and Porobelba spinosa (Sellnick, 1920) are presented. Juvenile stages of E. kamaensis and earlier known immatures of Epidarnaeus (E. puritanicus, E. longisetus) differ by minor differences in setal structure and measurements. Juvenile stages of Epidarnaeus and Damaeus differ by the following characters: shape of exuvial attachment cornicle in nymphs, correlation of the length and structure of gastronotal setae, the larval body posterior, form of sensilli, and leg setation. Juvenile stages of these two genera are identical in genital, aggenital, anal, adanal, gastronotal and epimeral setation, structure of famulus, and structure of cerotegument. Moreover, in the present paper new data about immatures of Porobelba spinosa. It is the first record of all juvenile stages of Porobelba, that is why a comparison of ontogeny development of this genus and other damaeid mites is premature.
The morphology of juvenile stages of the oribatid mites Pedrocortesella africana Pletzen, 1963 and Aleurodamaeus africanus Mahunka, 1984 is described and illustrated. The juveniles of Pedrocortesella africana are characterized by: cuticle with reticular ornamentation and folds; body with microgranular cerotegument; prodorsal setae leaf-shaped, sensilli petiolate, tuberculate blades with a rounded distal margin; gastronotic region flat; larva and nymphs with nine pairs of leaf-shaped gastronotic setae; scalps folded, larval scalp with seven pairs of setae, nymphal scalps with six pairs of setae; leg famulus sunken. The juveniles of Aleurodamaeus africanus are characterized by: cuticle smooth; body with filamentous cerotegument and with very not numerous granules; prodorsal setae setiform (except short interlamellar setae in nymphs); gastronotic region convex in lateral aspect; larva and nymphs with 12 of setiform gastronotic setae; scalps with reticular ornamentation, larval scalp with nine pairs of setae, nymphal scalps with ten pairs of setae; leg famulus emergent. The comparative analysis between known juveniles in Plateremaeoidea and Gymnodamaeoidea are given.
The morphology of juvenile and adult stages of the quill mite Bubophilus aluconis Nattress and Skoracki, 2009 parasitizing the Long-eared Owl Asio otus (Linnaeus) (Aves: Strigiformes) in Poland is described and illustrated. Poland is a new location and A. otus is a new host species for B. aluconis. A description of the male is presented for the first time for this quill mite species.
Nearctic species Platynothrus bicarinatus Jacot, 1938, known up to date from adult instar only, is redescribed and illustrated (including all immature stages). A comparison with other, related Palaearctic species is included.
The morphology of juvenile and adult stages of two oribatid mites, Scutovertex rugosus Mihelčič, 1957 and S. perforatus Sitnikova, 1975 (Oribatida: Scutoverticidae) is described and illustrated. The comparative analysis of morphological features during ontogeny is presented. Moreover, the development duration in various laboratory conditions was studied. The development of S. rugosus lasted from 72 to 135 days, that of S. perforatus from 66 to 85 days.
The morphology of juvenile stages and ontogeny of Scheloribates holsaticus (Weigmann, 1969), S. initialis (Berlese, 1908), and S.palliduhis (C. L. Koch, 1841) were investigated. The juveniles of these species have excentrosclerites at similar gastronotal setae (c₂, la, lp, and h₁ in larva, and c₂, la, lp, h-series, and p₁ in nymphs), and solenidion to, on tarsus I strongly curved outwards, which are typical of Scheloribatidae, but they differ by body size and the shape of most gastronotal setae. The successive juvenile stages of S. holsaticus are the largest, while those of S. pallidulus are the smallest. The former species has most gastronotal setae barbed, while S. initialis and S. pallidulus have them smooth. The latter species has these setae thinner and more curved than other species, and pliable in distal parts. The adult of all these species have notogastral sacculi, but S. holsaticus has 13 pairs of notogastral setae, including pairs c₂ and d-series, while other species have 10 pairs of setae, including pair c₂.
The ontogeny and (ultra)structure of vascular tissue in Lupinus luteus L. root nodules were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy in juvenile nodule primordia up to the 11th day after inoculation. Vascular meristem originated from centripetally dedifferentiated root cortical parenchyma, endodermis and pericycle. The vascular trace was formed between bacteroid tissue initials and the root stele. In the trace's proximal part, cambial strands connecting the vascular trace and root cambium were formed. In the distal part, non-anastomosing vascular bundles started differentiating from the trace at the end of the juvenile stage. In lupine, the formative stage of the indeterminate root nodule vascular system was shown to be unique within the legumes.
The aim of this paper was to identify the relationship between the degree of macrophyte cover on the lake bottom and the abundance and species richness of larva and juvenile stage assemblages. The analysis of the material verified the hypothesis that as the surface area of macrophyte cover increases so does the abundance, species richness, and diversity of fish aggregations. The investigations were conducted in the heated Lake Licheńskie in 2000-2003 during the period when underwater vegetation is at the height of development (June – September). The spatial differentiation of macrophyte occurrence had a significant impact on the occurrence and differentiation of the fry assemblages. It was confirmed that along with an increase in the macrophyte cover surface area there was also an increase in the species richness and diversity of juvenile fish assemblages. The locations that were most densely overgrown with vegetation had the highest fish biomass and individual weight. In littoral areas without macrophytes, abundant single-species concentrations of fish occurred. The bottom macrophyte cover did not have an impact on the numbers of fish.
All juvenile stages of Limnozetes ciliatus (Schrank, 1803) and deuto- and tritonymph of L. palmeme Behan-Pelletier, 1989 are redescribed and illustrated, and the larva and protonymph of L. palmerae are described and illustrated for the first time. Both species are similar with respect to the body shape, but differ mainly in the shape of some setae in the juveniles, presence of aggenital setae, formula of genital setae, and sculpture of cerotegument in the adult. Relations of species within Limnozetes Hull, 1916 are discussed, and keys to the larvae and nymphs of four European species of this genus are provided.
The morphology of juvenile stages and ontogeny of Heterozetes palustris (Willmann, 1917) and Zetomimus furcatus (Pearce & Warburton, 1906) are redescribed and illustrated. The juveniles of the former species have most prodorsal and gastronotal setae long, and smooth integument with microtuberculate cerotegument, while those of the latter species have most prodorsal and gastronotal setae short, with three pairs of longer and thicker setae in the posterior part of gastronotum, tuberculate integument, and two darker stripes, transverse and longitudinal, in the shape of letter T, with microtuberculate cerotegument. Most of nymphs of Z. furcatus bear one scalp, and rarely 2-3 scalps of previous instars that adhere to the gastronotum, which is observed here for the first time. The adults of both species have several morphological characters of Ceratozetoidea, while their juveniles lack a humeral organ and distinct sclerites, which occur in most Ceratozetoidea.
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