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1

Heavy metal concentration in coat hair and hoof horn in stabled and reserve Polish Konik horses

100%
Stachurska A., Walkuska G., Chalabis-Mazurek A., Jaworski Z., Cebera M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2009
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tom 12
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nr 3
The objective of the study was to determine if there were differences in Cr, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni levels in coat hair and hoof horn between Polish Konik horses maintained in stabled and reserve systems in Roztocze National Park in Poland. Summer and winter feeding seasons (seasons of the year in case of hooves) and age of horses were taken into account. 107 samples of hair and hooves, as well as all kinds of feed and sources of water available for the horses were examined. The results of the study indicate that the concentration of the elements in the coat hair, hoof horn, feeds and water is usually too low to show possible influence of the system of maintenance in feeding seasons and age effect. The reserve horses are not more exposed to heavy metal contamination than the stabled horses. In the hair, solely Mn level is affected by the systems of maintenance in summer and winter feeding seasons: during winter it is higher, particularly in the stabled system, than during summer. In hooves, Cr concentration is higher in stabled horses than in reserve horses and conversely, Cu content is higher in the reserve horses. Mn content is age-affected both in hair and hooves, likewise is Cu content in the hooves. The results indicate a necessity of Cu compound supplementation in feeding the horses in both systems of maintenance.
2

The reaction of healthy hooves, claws and nails to a 3 percentage solution of hydrogen peroxide

100%
Mordak R., Anthony P. S.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Medicina Veterinaria
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2007
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tom 06
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nr 4
3

The influence of biotin and Zn-methionine application on dairy cows hoofs condition

67%
Twardon J., Kinal S., Pres J., Slupczynska M., Bodarski R., Zachwieja A., Bednarski M., Ochota M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine
|
2009
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tom 12
|
nr 4
4

Manganese status in free ranging European bisons from Bialowieza Primeval Forest

67%
Skibniewski M., Kosla T., Skibniewska E.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
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2010
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tom 54
|
nr 3
The presented investigations aimed at determining manganese status in the European bison free ranging in Białowieża primeval forest on the basis of the analysis of some chosen tissues and organs, considering the sex and age of the animals. The manganese status in the liver, kidneys, gastrocnemius muscle, hair, and hoof was determined. The material for analyses was obtained in the winter 2002 from animals eliminated within annual selection. The material originated from 20 European bisons aged from 5 months to 5 years. Animals were grouped according to sex and age (calves up to one year of age, animals aged over two years). The manganese content (except hoof) was determined using the ICP- OES method in the accredited laboratory. In the hoof samples the content of manganese was determined using the method ICP - MS in the same laboratory. The obtained results were analysed statistically with the Statistica programme. No statistically significant differences in the manganese content were observed depending on the sex and age of animals. The mean manganese content in the tissues and organs (n=20; mg·kg⁻¹ of fresh tissue) was as follows: liver - 10 ±1.2; kidneys - 4.5 ±1.2; ribs - below the sensitivity of the apparatus (<1 ppm of Mn in the solution); muscle - 2.3 ±0.4; hair - 15.2 ±4.3; hoof-3.0 ±2.2 (in dry matter).
5

Three-dimensional appearance of bovine epidermal keratinocytes in different stages of differentiation revealed by cell maceration and scanning electron microscopic investigation

67%
Mulling C. K. W.
Folia Morphologica
|
2000
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tom 59
|
nr 4
The epidermis of the modified skin of the bovine hoof is a highly mechanical loaded tissue. Consequently, all cell connections have to withstand high mechanical forces. As an adaptation to this stress, the epidermal keratinocytes show characteristic surface modifications. Furthermore, the tissue displays a complex three-dimensional architecture which is difficult to appreciate from histological sections. SEM-observation of macerated tissue samples is a fast, easy to use and reliable tool to receive three-dimensional information about the appearance and spatial relationship of cells within a tissue. Using cell maceration, the aim of this study was to separate individual as well as smaller groups of keratinocytes in order to reveal the formations of the cell surface, the appearance of individual cells and the spatial relationship of cells within the tissue. A NaOH maceration method described in literature was modified and applied to tissue samples from the wall and bulbar segment of the hooves of six cows. This method facilitated separation between the epidermal cells. Single cells as well as cell groups were available for SEM observation which revealed a three dimensional appearance characteristic for different stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes. The observed findings suggest that throughout the process of differentiation the surface modifications provide the basis for a stable cell to cell adhesion which is established by desmosomes and the intercellular cementing substance. Additionally, the broadened cellular surface area is related to the supply of the highly metabolic active living epidermal cells with nutrients and oxygen. Longer cell processes typically found in the central surface area of the keratinocytes may carry gap junctions and may be involved in cell communication. This, however, has to be clarified by further electron microscopic studies. The demonstrated appearance of individual cells and the complex architecture enable the hoof epidermis to fulfil its unique biomechanical functions.
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