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The aim of the study was to improve the methods of recovery, maturation and fertilization in vitro (IVМ/IVF) of lamb oocytes in order to get offspring from prepubertal donors. Oocytes were obtained from 4-9-week-old lambs, oocytes from slaughtered adult ewes were run in parallel as control. Ewe lambs received subcutaneous implants (1 mg norgestomet) for 5 days. At the time of implant removal the animals were injected with FSH and PMSG. After 24 h oocytes (60 per donor) were collected by laparotomy under general anesthesia. Oocytes were matured and fertilized in vitro 24 hours after IVЕ, presumptive zygotes were transferred to the intermediate recipients for 6 days. From 9 definitive recipients which received 18 blastocysts, 8 were confirmed pregnant by scanning performed on days 35 and 60. One sheep has already delivered two normal lambs.
Out of numerous reproductive biotechniques applied in domestic animals, as far as dogs are concerned, it was only possible to obtain in vitro embryos, and to clone a dog, though the results are still unsatisfactory. Until now, transferring in vitro embryos to bitches has produced no offspring. Paradoxically, it has been possible to obtain puppies by cloning. In contrast to farm animals and primates, the problem with obtaining in vitro dog embryos results from the enormous role of the bitch’s oviduct especially during oocyte maturation as well as fertilisation and early embryo development. For this reason, it is very difficult to optimise in vitro conditions, and the adoption of in vitro procedures used in others species is ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to undertake detailed studies of the dog’s procreation physiology and the functions of different elements of the environment of maturing oocytes, and developing embryos, as well as the factors affecting these processes.
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