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Growing the sweet cherry on different vigor rootstocks, such as Colt and Gisela 5, in a high-density orchard, causes differences in growth and productivity and later imposes the need to change the growing system including pruning, flower and fruit thinning, irrigation and fertilization. In the present research, four sweet cherry cultivars (Summit, Kordia, Lapins and Regina) grafted on Colt and Gisela 5 rootstocks were assessed for morphological traits and productivity. The parameters investigated were: vegetative growth, bearing potential, fruit set, precocity, productivity, fruit growth habit and quality attributes. Compared to Colt, the trees on Gisela 5 had smaller TCSA and the length of two-year-old branches, in the fifth season after planting. Trees on Gisela 5 had a higher number of flower buds per may bouquet compared to Colt, which confirms that bearing potential is highly affected by the rootstock. Growing the sweet cherries on Gisela 5 induced a higher fruit setting in all cultivars except in Kordia. Fruit physical attributes were affected by the cultivar, growing system and experimental year. For all tested cultivars, the yield per tree was significantly lower on Colt compared to Gisela 5. Gisela 5 performed better than Colt, which suggests that Gisela 5 should be used as a rootstock in high density sweet cherry production systems.
A study was carried out of shoot growth and branching, fruit bud setting and fruiting in four sour cherry cultivars: 'Debreceni Botermo', 'Nefris', 'Schatten- morelle' and 'Serocka'. Trees were planted at a high density (4 x 1.5 m), trained with a leader and pruned with the renewal method. A relationship was shown to exist be­tween shoot length and fruit bud setting density. Trees of 'Debreceni Botermo' were found to be the most vigorous, setting fruit buds on weak shoots and two-year-old spurs. 'Nefris' and ' Serocka' were medium in vigour, setting fruit buds mostly on one-year-old shoots irrespective of shoot length. They were characterized by heavy branching. 'Schattenmorelle' trees were small, slowly growing, setting fruit buds on one-year-old shoots with only one terminal leaf bud. This type of fruiting led to bare wood. Pruning appropriate to tree morphology is suggested.
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