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The effect of some herbal extracts and pesticides on the biological parameters of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) pertaining to tomato grown under controlled conditions

100%

Jafarbeigi F., Samih M. A., Zarabi, Esmaeily S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2012

tom 52

nr 4

The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Biotype A: Hem.: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important pests in Iran. The development of alternative methods that are not chemical applications, is necessary in pest management for the sake of human health and for the safety of the environment. In this research project, the effect of four herbal compounds Fumaria parviflora Lam. (Fumariaceae), Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae), Calotropis procera (Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) on the same biological parameters of cotton whitefly were compared with the insecticides azadirachtin and pymetrozin. The results showed significant differences between herbal compounds and insecticides on: egg longevity (F6, 39 = 2.96, p < 0.05), pupa longevity (F6, 37 = 4.49, p < 0.01) and adult longevity (F6, 31 = 4.47, p < 0.01); egg mortality (F6, 39 = 6.71, p < 0.001), total egg mortality (F6, 39 = 6.71, p < 0.001), sex ratio (female) (F6, 30 = 3.49, p < 0.01), oviposition period (F6,31 = 7.50, p < 0.001) and total fecundity/female (F6, 31 = 8.23, p < 0.001). These results indicated that a fumitory extract and pymetrozin had the best effect on longevity and mortality, respectively. According to the results, the fumitory had a noticeable effect on the different life stages of the sweet potato whitefly.

Effect of platycodin D on gastric motility, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit

100%

Kim T.-W., Lim J.-H., Lee H.-K., Giorgi M., Owen H., Yun H.-I.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

2014

tom 70

nr 01

Diarrhea is a condition which causes malabsorption and dehydration. Recently, the anti-motility effect of several herbal compounds for the treatment of hypermotility-induced diarrhea has been studied. The root of Platycodon grandiflorum has been widely used in oriental medicine for the treatment of various chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of Platycodin D (PD), the major triterpene saponin in the root of P. grandiflorum, on gastrointestinal (GI) motility by assessing both gastric emptying (GE) and intestinal transit (IT) in mice with different treatment protocols. Mice were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n = 15/group) according to their treatment protocols (control, administered with antikinetics: atropine, dopamine, or with pro-kinetics: itoride, bethanechol) for each GE and IT test. Each group was subsequently divided into 3 subgroups (n = 5) pre-treated with different PD doses (0, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg). Pre-treatment with PD in the control treatment group of mice showed reduced GE and IT in a dose-dependent manner. At the maximum PD effect, GE and IT were reduced by 63% and 50%, respectively, compared with those in the normal control group. In the groups given atropine or dopamine, pre-treatment with PD further reduced GE and IT by 35% to 58%, respectively. The PD pre-treatment dramatically reduced the GI motility enhanced by itopride and bethanechol. On the whole, these results suggest that PD treatment might be beneficial in motility-induced diarrhea.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Journal of Plant Protection Research

1 Medycyna Weterynaryjna

1 Esmaeily S.

1 Giorgi M.

1 Jafarbeigi F.

1 Kim T.-W.

1 Lee H.-K.

1 Lim J.-H.

1 Owen H.

1 Samih M. A.

1 Yun H.-I.

1 Zarabi

1 2014

1 2012

Wyniki wyszukiwania

The effect of some herbal extracts and pesticides on the biological parameters of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) pertaining to tomato grown under controlled conditions

Effect of platycodin D on gastric motility, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit