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Sediments from two dam reservoirs "Przeczyce" and "Plawniowice" were examined for keratinolytic fungi. The results show the dependence of keratinoly tic fungi in sediments on the degree of water contamination with sewage. Ch. keratinophilum is species associated with sewage inputs to superficial water.
The study was to generally determine the influence of a municipal landfill site and environmental factors on the distribution of keratinolytic fungi in soil. The landfill site in Sosnowiec was selected for examination. Keratinolytic fungi occurred abudantly in soils of the landfill site examined and its surrounding area. Of 495 soil samples (Petri dishes) examined, 379 (76.56%) were found to be positive for keratinolytic fungi. Altogether, 1131 strains from 26 species were isolated from the samples. Among the fungi, some species with pathogenic properties (Microsporum racemosum, M cookei, M. gypseum, Aphanoascus fulvescens and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis) were recorded. The influence of environmental factors on the qualitative and quantitative composition of keratinolytic fungi in the soils was complex. Among these factors, exchangeable acidity (pH in 1 M KCl, in particular), faecal bacterial contamination and the level of water deficit in soil were the most important. The conclusion has been drawn that municipal landfill sites are the sources of potentially pathogenic fungi with keratinolytic properties.
The street sweepings from the city of Chorzów were surveyed for keratinolytic fungi. Out of 106 Petri dishes examined, 98 (92,4%) were positive for these micro-organisms. Altogether; 185 fungal appearances belonging to 15 species were observed. Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Malbranchea flava, Ch. europae, Sporothrix schenckii, Ch. anamorphs of Aphanoascus reticulisporus/fulvescens, Ch. an. Arthroderma curreyi, and M. an. Uncinocarpus reessi predominated in the sweepings. The occurrence of Ch. keratinophilum, Ch. europae Ch. an. A. curreyi, and S. schenckii could depend on the content of heavy metals and the individual fractions in the sweepings. The epidemiological aspect of the presence of pathogenic fungi in the street dust was briefly discussed.
During a study of keratinolytic fungi in the ash heap ground, considerably influenced by the municipal landfill site, a rare potentially pathogenic dermatophyte, Microsporum racemosum Borelli, was recognized. This is the first report on its isolation in Poland. Morphological and ecological features of the fungus are discussed.
Sediments form mountain streams in Brenna (Beskid Śląski) were examined for keratinolytic fungi. A rare psychrophilic dermatophyte, Keratinophyton ceretanicus, occurred abundantly in the sediments. The qualitative and qualitative compositions of keratinolytic fungi depended on the water contamination with sewage and on the contents of plant organic material, small mineral particles and salts in the sediments.
Interactions between selected geophilic fungi (keratinofytic and keratinophylic species) and pathogenic dermatophytes were examined in dual cultures on Sabouraud glucose agar (SGA). It was demonstrated that Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes together with T. mentagrophytes var., quinceanum are the species most sensitive to the influences of the geophilic fungi. Microsporum persicolor was found to be more resistant to these influences. Only a few geophilic species inhibited the growth of M. canis on SGA. Keratinophilic species, unable to initiate hair decomposition but utilize the products of this process, exerted the larger inhibitory effect on the pathogenic dermatophytes than keratinofytic fungi.
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