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The main problem addressed in this study was to determine the influence of prebiotic preparations DSM Nutritional Products (Biofit Booster and Alphamune) containing hemicelluloses in the form of extracts from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and butyric acid (preparation Adimix) on the quantitative and qualitative status of intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. The study demonstrated a highly beneficial effect of the Alphamune food additive, containing glucans and mannans as an extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts cell wall (index coli/lacto: 0.21).
The experiment was conducted in three oxen about 350 kg BW in Latin square design. The basic diet consisted of barley grain, meadow hay and mineral mixture. The diets were supplemented with avoparcin and Zn-bacitracin of 20 and 35 mg per kg of the ration (DM basis), respectively. The preliminary period lasted 30 days for each cycle of in situ measurements. The Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Zn content was estimated in the feed samples (rye grain, wheat grain, barley grain, peas seed, horse bean and soyabean meal) and in bag-residues. The ranking of mineral release in animals fed without any antibiotics was as follows: K (98,4%) > Mg (92,2) > Na (89,6) > Cu (86,6) > Zn (72,7) > Ca (20,1) and in animals fed with antibiotics the ranking, except of Na was similar: K (99,4) > Na (97,6) > Mg (94,0) > Cu (91,9) > Zn (75,0) > Ca (3,4) and: K (99,5) > Na (98,4) > Mg (93,4) > Cu (90,9) > Zn (65,3) > Ca (11,87) for avoparcin and Zn-bacitracin, respectively.
The effect of dried herbs (2%) substituted for antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) in compound feeds for broiler chickens was investigated. Nettle, pansy, lemon balm, lime tree and mint, compared to the control birds given AGP, did not affect broilers body weight significantly whilst hop cone depressed weight gain remarkably. None of examined herbs decreased the content of crude protein (CP) in a breast muscle, whereas CP in leg muscle was adversely influenced by hop cone supplement. The herbs, compared to AGP, decreased the content of ether extract (EE) in breast muscle and had no effect on EE level in leg muscles. With respect to leg muscle, the only exception was hop cone. Examined herbs had an adverse effect on meat sensory traits: odour intensity and desirability as well as palatability.
After the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the EU many alternative substances have been investigated for their potential to replace AGPs. Phytobiotics are discussed as one promissing alternative due to their high content of pharmacologically active compounds. A huge number of in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed a wide range of activities of phytobiotics in poultry nutrition like stimulation of feed intake, antimicrobial, coccidiostatic and anthelmintic effects. The present paper gives a short review on the characteristics of phytobiotics, on the potential mode of action and on the observed effects of phytobiotics in diets on performance, carcass and meat quality and health status in broilers. Furthermore, it addresses safety concerns which may arise during application of phytobiotics.
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