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The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and opioid family member Leu⁵-enkephalin (LENK) have already been established as playing independently significant roles in the functioning of the female genital tract. However, the mutual influence of both neuropeptides on female genital function has not been examined until now. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the distribution of VIP- and/or LENK-immunoreactive (IR) structures throughout the female genital tract of the pig. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the great majority of the immunopositive structures co-expressed both peptides. Nevertheless, a small population of exclusively VIP- or LENK-IR processes and perikarya were also distinguished. The muscular layer of the organs examined revealed the greatest density of VIP- and/or LENK-IR nerve fibers. The mucosa of the ampulla, isthmus, cervix and vagina was supplied with a moderate number of single labeled LENK-IR processes, while exclusively VIP-IR fibers were found mainly in vaginal mucosa. The infundibulum was found to be poorly supplied with single labeled VIP- or LENK-IR fibers. The paracervical ganglion (PCG), the expected source of VIP- and/or LENK-IR nerve fibers innervating the organs under investigation, has been found to contain double labeled LENK-/VIP-IR as well as single labeled VIP-IR perikarya. The great number of specific co-localization between VIP and LENK in nerve processes of the porcine female genital organs may indicate a functional regulatory interaction between the neuropeptides studied, requiring further study.
Objectives: Molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis associated with high risk (HR) type HPV is related to the activity of virus oncoproteins E5, E6 and E7. Their task is to bring the cells to a state enabling synthesis of viral DNA, copying viral particles and promotion of uncontrolled cell growth. Proliferative factors of a feminine genital tract epithelium are also sex hormones — estradiol and progesterone. Steroids influence the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle, acting through specific nuclear receptors (ER and PR). The aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of selected concentrations of 17ß-estradiol and progesterone on survival and proliferation of HeLa line cells. Material and methods: The study was done on a transformed HeLa cell line containing integrated genome HPV of type 18. The lines were incubated in the presence of 17ß-estradiol at the concentrations of lx10-4M, lx10-5M, lx10-7M, lx10-8M. Cell survival was determined with the use of 0.5% of water solution of toluidine blue and the cell proliferation rate were evaluated with the use of BrdU Labelling and Detection Kit and the method ELISA (Roche). Results: The obtained results point to 10% toxic influence on HeLa line cells of 17ß-estradiol at high concentrations after 72 h of incubation. The influence of the hormone on proliferation rate was diversified depending on the hormone concentration and time.
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