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Gene pool variation of Fragaria x ananassa (Duch.) and Fragaria vesca (L.)

100%

Dziadczyk E., Dziadczyk P., Tyrka M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2015

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tom 14

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nr 2

Gene pool variation of twenty varieties and breeding clones of Fragaria × ananassa, nine varieties and breeding lines of Fragaria vesca, and one new interspecific hybrid designated Fragaria × anavesca was analysed with three DNA marker systems. ISSR reactions with four primers produced 45 polymorphic markers. Similarly, RAPD analyses with three primers produced 26 markers and SSR method with three primer pairs revealed 28 different alleles. The total number of 99 polymorphic markers allowed distinguishing clearly a group of F. × ananassa genotypes from that of F. vesca genotypes with F. × anavesca in between of these two. RAPD markers proved to be more informative than ISSRs as 3 of 26 were specific to F. × ananassa only and one exclusively to F. vesca and F. × anavesca. Thus, the presumed hybrid nature of F. × anavesca was effectively confirmed by RAPD markers. Especially important was the 1100bp long PCR product of the B104 primer present in all F. vesca genotypes as well as in F. × anavesca but absent in F. × ananassa. Presence of F. vesca DNA in the hybrid F. × anavesca was additionally corroborated by the 223bp product of the UDF017 primer pair and the 185bp-long band generated with the UDF006 primer pair.

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Population genetics of the springbok Antidorcas marsupialis - a preliminary study

100%

Bigalke R. C., Hartl G. B., Berry M. P. S., Van Hensbergen H. J.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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1993

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tom 38

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nr 2

Biochemical-genetic variation was studied in springbok Antidorcas m. marsupialis (Zimmermann, 1780) from a large (N > 2000) "wild" population (n = 24) and a small (30 > N > 20) isolated farm population (n = 10) using electrophoretic allozyme analysis. Springbok showed polymorphisms at eight out of 46 loci. The springbok from the large population had a higher proportion of polymorphic loci (P = 15.6%) than those from the small population (P = 8.9%). Average heterozygosity (H = 5.1% and H = 4.1%, respectively) was similar for the two populations. This unexpected result is an artefact of the method for calculating H. H:P ratios are lower for the large population than the small one. The distribution of genotypes differed significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for two loci. These were found to have a preponderance of homozygotes. This could not be explained by population fragmentation. The levels of polymorphism and heterozygosity are high compared to results from other African bovids.

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The importance of the arboreta and botanical gardens of Slovakia for introduction, gene pool conservation, and utilization of plants

84%

Supuka J.

Biuletyn Ogrodów Botanicznych, Muzeów i Zbiorów

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1996

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tom 05

4

Characterization and genetic diversity changes in the Slovenian common bean, Cesnjevec landrace

84%

Maras M., Susnik S., Meglic V., Sustar-Vozlic J.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2006

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tom 48

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nr 2

The common bean has been cultivated in Slovenia for centuries, resulting in the development of numerous landraces that are still grown today. The objectives of this study were to define the genetic background and to estimate genetic diversity changes in the traditional Češnjevec landrace of the Slovenian common bean over the last 50 years of cultivation. Fourteen microsatellite loci were analyzed for the presence, number and size distribution of alleles in 231 individuals, representing 67 common bean accessions, including 19 new and five old accessions of landrace Češnjevec collected in the 1950’s and stored at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (AIS). In factorial correspondence analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis, Češnjevec clustered apart from both Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. It is suggested that occasional outcrossing, adaptation to particular environmental conditions and strong selection for consumer preferences for seed types could have played a significant role in the evolution of the additional variation in the common bean in this region. Three alleles present in old Češnjevec accessions were undetected in new Češnjevec accessions. The results presented here provide a firm basis for important and informed decisions concerning further conservation strategy and the breeding program in Slovenia.

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Salix myrtilloides in north central Poland. Distribution, threats and conservation

67%

Churski M., Danielewicz W.

Dendrobiology

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2008

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tom 60

3-9

Present status of a postglacial relict – Salix myrtilloides L. was investigated in north central Poland at 27 localities. Consequently 3 sites were confirmed, 4 were not confirmed, and the remaining 20 were considered to be extinct. In comparison to the historical distribution, ca. 74% of the sites existing 50 years ago do not exist today in the studied region. The confirmed populations were found near Oporówek (ca. 1600 stems), Rakowiec (ca. 100) and Bobrowo (15). At three sites confirmed in this study, the existence of vigorous hybrids between S. myrtilloides and S. aurita L. (S. ×onusta Besser) were observed. The most important threats to Salix myrtilloides L. populations in the studied region were assessed to be hybridization with other commonly occurring willow species, site isolation and habitat destruction. Natural habitat protection with adequate buffer zone and gene pool protection in a form of plantations was suggested as a conservation strategy. As an alternative strategy active protection ‘insitu’ was proposed based on cutting competitive common species of willows.

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Content of the Swedish berry gene bank

67%

Hjalmarsson I., Wallace B.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2004

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tom 12

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nr Spec.ed.2

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Variability of minor tooth traits and allozymic diversity in brown hare Lepus europaeus populations

67%

Suchentrunk F.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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1993

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tom 38

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nr 2

Two contrasting hypotheses on the relationship between dental character variability and biochemical-genetic diversity: (1) "influence of developmental homeostasis" and (2) "genetic-phenetic variation correlation" were tested in brown hare Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778 populations. Interindividual variability (IV) and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of 12 non-metrical characters of third lower premolars (P3) as well as allozymic heterozygosity (H) at 13 polymorphic loci was examined in 385 individuals from 19 geographical sampling units (GSU) in Austria. Juveniles and adults were discriminated according to dry eye lens weights. Sex was determined from internal reproductive organs. IV was calculated as the mean standard deviation of the 11 tooth characters in each GSU. GSU-specific FA was calculated as the mean FA of individuals (FAin), where FAin was the percentage of characters found asymmetric in individuals of a GSU. While IV did not show any significant relationship with H at the population level, FA of adults was significantly positively correlated (rs = +0.650, p < 0.05) with H. In juveniles a trend (rs = +0.399, ns) for such a correlation was apparent too. This finding corresponds to the "genetic-phenetic variation correlation hypothesis". Variability of both character systems is high in populations with high genomic variability, because both character systems concordantly portray gene pool diversity. Both IV and FA was significantly lower in juveniles than in adults. Since no ontogenic changes in P3 characters were found, this age-specific difference appears to result from selection against juveniles with low P3 variability (i.e. low genomic diversity). However, H was not lower in juveniles as compared to adults.

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Depauperated gene pools in Marmota m. marmota are caused by an ancient bottleneck: electrophoretic analysis of wild populations from Austria and Switzerland

67%

Preleuthner M., Pinsker W.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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1993

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tom 38

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nr 2

Samples from 15 populations of the Alpine marmot Marmota m. marmota (Linnaeus, 1758) were surveyed electrophoretically for allozyme variation. Only 2 out of 50 enzyme loci showed polymorphism. Average heterozygosity was found to be low with 1.2%. No rare alleles were detected among the 8430 genes examined. The geographic variation at the two polymorphic loci (Pep-1 and Sod-1) was analysed in more detail. The distribution pattern of the allele frequencies indicates genetic differentiation between autochthonous and introduced populations. No striking deviations of the genotype distributions from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. Thus the population structure is apparently not affected by inbreeding. The obviously diminished genetic variation and the geographic pattern of the allele frequencies at the two variable loci can be best explained by assuming a severe bottleneck in the recent past.

Ograniczanie wyników

Gene pool variation of Fragaria x ananassa (Duch.) and Fragaria vesca (L.)

Population genetics of the springbok Antidorcas marsupialis - a preliminary study

The importance of the arboreta and botanical gardens of Slovakia for introduction, gene pool conservation, and utilization of plants

Characterization and genetic diversity changes in the Slovenian common bean, Cesnjevec landrace

Salix myrtilloides in north central Poland. Distribution, threats and conservation

Content of the Swedish berry gene bank

Variability of minor tooth traits and allozymic diversity in brown hare Lepus europaeus populations

Depauperated gene pools in Marmota m. marmota are caused by an ancient bottleneck: electrophoretic analysis of wild populations from Austria and Switzerland