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Gap regeneration in near-natural European beech forest stands in Central Bohemia - the role of heterogeneity and micro-habitat factors

100%

Bilek L., Remes J., Podrazsky V., Rozenbergar D., Diaci J., Zahradnik D.

Dendrobiology

2014

tom 71

Gap regeneration in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest reserve was analyzed in relation to within-gap resource heterogeneity and ground vegetation competition. The study was carried out in two one-hectare permanent research plots (PRP) which included five smaller research plots (RP) encompassing two large gaps (500–700 m2), two small gaps (300–400 m2), and location under canopy. The coverage of woody regeneration, ground vegetation, dead wood, seedling density in eight height classes, characteristics of dominant trees of the beech regeneration, and the total thickness of holorganic horizons were measured. Soil moisture and light conditions were also assessed in selected sample plots. The relative direct and diffuse light was estimated by hemispherical photography. Small gaps showed both the highest cover of tree regeneration and the highest density of individuals per hectare. Slightly less regeneration was recorded in large gaps, while under closed canopy, regeneration densities were 5–10 times lower than in small gaps. Beech regeneration cover and the size (diameter and height) of dominant beech seedlings were positively related to relative diffuse light and negatively related to ground vegetation cover. The latter was positively related to diffuse light and soil moisture content. A pronounced statistically significant contrast in the cover and size of beech regeneration in relation to micro-site conditions (diffuse light, cover of graminoids) was only confirmed between sample plots located below canopy cover and those within gaps. Graminoids, in particular Calamagrostis epigejos L., occurred mainly in the large gap centre and along the southernmost edge of the large gap, increasing competition for resources here. The cumulative cover of ground vegetation and regeneration was relatively low (9–56%) compared with more mesic natural beech forests. The indicated negative influence of direct light at the northern gap edge suggests that extension of gaps on comparable sites in managed forest should not proceed in this direction.

Seed predation patterns favor the regeneration of dominant species in forest gaps compared with the understory in an oak-pine mixed forest

100%

Yu F., Shi X., Wang D., Wang T., Yi X., Lou Y.

Acta Theriologica

2014

tom 59

nr 4

Recent studies have demonstrated the higher likelihood of regeneration in forest gaps compared with the understory for the dominant species in pine-oak mixed forest. Here, we tested whether rodent seed predation or dispersal was beneficial for gap regeneration. We tracked the seed predation and dispersal of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata and Pinus armandii using coded plastic tags in the forest understory close to gaps. Our results demonstrated that the proportions of initial buried seeds of both species were significantly more abundant in the forest understory compared with gaps. After seed caching, however, significantly lower proportions of the seeds of both species survived in the forest understory compared with gaps during the 30-day observation period. The final survival proportions of the seeds cached in the forest understory were lower than those cached in the gaps the next spring, which indicated that small rodents rarely retrieved scatter-hoarded seeds from forest gaps. Our findings suggest that rodent seed predation patterns contribute to the regeneration of the dominant species in gaps compared with the understory in a pine-oak mixed forest. In the study area, reforestation usually involves planting seedlings but direct sowing in forest gaps may be an alternative means of accelerating forest recovery and successional processes.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Theriologica

1 Dendrobiology

1 Bilek L.

1 Diaci J.

1 Lou Y.

1 Podrazsky V.

1 Remes J.

1 Rozenbergar D.

1 Shi X.

1 Wang D.

1 Wang T.

1 Yi X.

1 Yu F.

1 Zahradnik D.

2 2014

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Gap regeneration in near-natural European beech forest stands in Central Bohemia - the role of heterogeneity and micro-habitat factors

Seed predation patterns favor the regeneration of dominant species in forest gaps compared with the understory in an oak-pine mixed forest