Mammalian ovaries are chiefly innervated by the fibers of the adrenergic system although a cholinergic one also plays a certain role. In spite of lack any direct contact between adrenergic fibers, luteal cells and cells of the granulosa layer has been ascertained, denervation of the ovary results in malfunction of its secretory function. Noradrenaline affects the growth of ovarian vessicles as well as hastens the ovulation process. Moreover, catecholamines both in vitro and in vivo conditions stimulate the production of steroid hormones and oxytocin in ovary cells. This effect is caused by the direct action of catecholamines on membrane beta-adrenergic receptors in luteal cells as well as cells of the granular layer and theca externa. However, an indirect effect of catecholamines on ovarian hormone secretion through regulation of ovarian blood flow cannot be excluded. The amount of blood flowing through the corpus luteum is highest at the peak of its development and is dependent on the pressure in vessels carring blood to the ovary as apposed to the ovary stroma in which blood is under local autoregulation.
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