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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Responses of the red nucleus neurons to stimulation of the paw pads of forelimbs before and after cerebellar lesions

100%
Tarnecki R., Lupa K., Niechaj A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2001
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tom 52
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nr 3
2
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Why tyrannosaurid forelimbs were so short: An integrative hypothesis

84%
Padian K.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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2022
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tom 67
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nr 1
3

Afferent input from distal forelimb nerves to branching spinoreticular-spinocerebellar neurones in the cat

84%
Krutki P., Mrowczynski W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2002
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tom 62
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nr 4
4

Bilateral projection of neurones of the C6 segment to S1 and S2 segments of the spinal cord in the cat

84%
Krutki P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1997
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tom 57
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nr 1
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Evidence for a sauropod-like metacarpal configuration in stegosaurian dinosaur

67%
Senter P.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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2010
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tom 55
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nr 3
427-432
The stegosaurian forelimb is usually portrayed with the metacarpals slanted and distally spread. However, manual manipulation of stegosaurian metacarpals reveals that in that configuration they do not articulate with each other nor with the rest of the forelimb. Rather, they do articulate with each other and with the rest of the forelimb when posed vertically and arranged in a compact, semi−tubular configuration, as in sauropods. This configuration agrees with data from articulated specimens and trackways. As with sauropods, this metacarpal configuration makes retention of phalanges awkward for locomotion and may be functionally related to the vestigiality of the manual phalanges of the outer digits.
6
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Functional morphology and biomechanics of the cynodont Trucidocynodon riograndensis from the Triassic of Southern Brazil: Pectoral girdle and forelimb

67%
de Oliveira T. V., Schultz C. L.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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2016
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tom 61
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nr 2
Non-mammalian cynodonts provide insights on several points about mammalian evolution, such as the postural change and locomotory advances within the group. Unfortunately, complete skeletons of Triassic cynodonts are rather uncommon and where more complete specimens are found they can offer a global vision on some traits not available from partial specimens. This is the case of the cynodont Trucidocynodon riograndensis, from the Triassic of Brazil, that has preserved its forelimbs providing some insights into locomotory properties. The movements between interclavicle and clavicle must have been limited, as such as those occurring between the latter and the scapulocoracoid although the long acromion process of this should have permitted a greater degree of freedom. Some of the more significant movements were those on the shoulder joint, in which the maximum adduction should have been ca. 35º relative to the parasagittal plane and the greater abduction ca. 55º. The maximum adduction occurred when the humerus was in the more retracted position during stride and the variation in the adduction/abduction should have been significant to the limb posture during its recovery stroke. The long olecranon and the distal overlapping between radius and ulna suggest the predominance of simple flexion/extension on the forearm without significant pronation/supination. The poorly preserved hand suggests that Trucidocynodon could have evolved a slight semidigitigrad condition in its forelimbs. All these features give to this cynodont an important role in the evolution of the mammalian locomotory properties indicating that some features, such as the possibility of greater humeral adduction, evolved early in cynodont lineage.
7

Branching neurones in the cervical spinal cord with axons that reach sacral segments and the lateral reticular nucleus. An electrophysiological study in the cat

67%
Krutki P., Grottel K., Mrowczynski W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1999
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tom 59
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nr 4
8

Euprox furcatus [ Hensel, 1859 ] [ Cervidae, Mammalia ] from Przeworno [ Middle Miocene, Lower Silesia, Poland ]

59%
Czyzewska T., Stefaniak K.
Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia
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1994
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tom 37
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nr 1
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