Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Foramina on the internal aspect of the alveolar part of the mandible

100%

Przystanska A., Bruska M.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 2

89-91

Observations were made on 299 dry human mandibles and 21 autopsy heads. Foramina were observed in the inner surface of the alveolar part in 32% of the mandibles investigated. The diameter of the foramina varied between 0.4 mm and 1.6 mm. In most instances foramina were present between the lower medial and lateral incisors but in some cases they were also observed in the midline or between the lower lateral incisors and canines. Histological studies confirmed the presence of a neurovascular bundle in the accessory foramina. This bundle was formed by branches of the mylohyoid nerve, sublingual artery and accompanying veins.

2

An anatomical study of the pterygoalar bar and the pterygoalar foramen

88%

Skrzat J., Walocha J., Srodek R.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 2

92-96

The paper presents anatomical considerations on the pterygoalar bar and the pterygoalar foramen of the human skull. The pterygoalar bar is a bony bridge that stretches between the lateral pterygoid lamina and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, while the space under this bar is termed the pterygoalar foramen. These structures were noted in 5 out of 70 investigated skulls. The length of the pterygoalar bar ranged from 4 to 8 mm, while the diameter of the pterygoalar foramen ranged from 7 to11 mm. The presence of the pterygoalar bar is clinically important because it may disturb access to the foramen ovale during anaesthesia of the trigeminal nerve.

3

A triplicate obturator foramen

75%

Das S., Suri R., Kapur V.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

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tom 65

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nr 2

164-166

The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone situated below and anterior to the acetabulum. The obturator foramen is enclosed by the obturator membrane, apart from the part above near the obturator groove, where the obturator vessels and nerve pass through. The present study reports multiple openings in the obturator foramen detected incidentally in a left hip bone specimen and discusses its clinical implications. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of multiple openings associated with the obturator foramen is rare and has not been reported in any standard textbook of anatomy or in any research study. Anatomical knowledge of the presence of such anomalies may be clinically important for radiologists interpreting skiagrams and surgeons performing operative procedures in the hip region.

4

The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle and its arteries

75%

Sharifi M., Ciolkowski M., Krajewski P., Ciszek B.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 3

194-198

The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle consists of two symmetrical parts located in the roof of the ventricle and protruding through its openings, the foramina of Luschka and Magendie. The arteries supplying the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle are difficult to approach because of their deep location within the cerebellopontine angles and the cerebellomedullary fissure. They originate from multiple sites on the cerebellar arteries, and pass near the vital structures of the pons and medulla. The increasing use of the operating microscope and endoscopy during operations in the posterior cranial fossa has created a need for better understanding of the microsurgical anatomy of the plexus and its arteries. The arteries of 15 human brain-stems with cerebelli were injected with coloured gelatine and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. The specimens were studied under an operating microscope. The choroids plexus on each side of the midline was divided into four segments, the medial and lateral horizontal segments and the rostral and caudal sagittal segments, in order to facilitate the description of their blood supply. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) and the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) were the main supplying vessels. AICA supplied the portion of the plexus in the cerebellopontine angles and the adjacent part of the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle through the foramina of Luschka. PICA supplied most of the choroid plexus in the roof and the median opening of the fourth ventricle.

5

The size of selected human skull foramina in relation to skull capacity

75%

Wysocki J., Reymond J., Skarzynski H., Wrobel B.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

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tom 65

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nr 4

301-308

An anatomical study was undertaken in order to investigate whether the sizes of selected human skull foramina with significant venous compartments correlated significantly with skull capacity. A total of 100 macerated human skulls were examined to determine the diameter of the foramina and the skull capacity. Measurements of the surface area of the foramina were made using a computerised digital analysis system. Only the size of the hypoglossal canal and jugular foramen were found to correlate significantly with the capacity of the skull. This correlation, together with the considerable size of the hypoglossal canal, indicated its important role in the venous drainage of the brain. There was considerable centralisation of venous outflow from the brain, with 60% of the area of all venous foramina of the skull occupied by jugular foramina. Asymmetry between the right and left jugular foramina was identified, with an average ratio of 1.6 (ranging between 1 and 3.47). In the case of right-sided domination the correlation between the skull capacity and the size of both jugular foramina was negative (the larger the skull cavity, the less the asymmetry), while in the case of left-sided domination the correlation was positive. Perhaps the left-sided domination is less advantageous for the haemodynamics of blood outflow, as the left brachiocephalic vein is longer and is often compressed by the sternum and aortic arch.

6

Surgical observartion of the agenesis of the foramen of Magendie

63%

Tubbs R. S.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

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tom 65

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nr 2

174-177

We report a young girl who presented with headache and back pain. Dynamic MRI revealed no cerebrospinal egress from the median aperture (Foramen of Magendie) of the fourth ventricle and syringomyelia. A posterior cranial fossa exploration was performed and agenesis of the median aperture was observed. Following surgical penetration of the posterior aspect of the fourth ventricle and at the most recent follow-up examination, this patient’s syringomyelia had resolved, as had her symptoms. Agenesis of the foramen of Magendie may be a rare cause of inhibition of normal cerebrospinal egress from the fourth ventricle with resultant syringomyelia.

7

The mandible and its foramen: anatomy, anthropology, embryology and resulting clinical implications

63%

Lipski M., Tomaszewska I. M., Lipska W., Lis G. J., Tomaszewski K. A.

Folia Morphologica

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2013

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tom 72

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nr 4

The aim of this paper is to summarise the knowledge about the anatomy, embryology and anthropology of the mandible and the mandibular foramen and also to highlight the most important clinical implications of the current studies regarding anaesthesia performed in the region of the mandible. An electronic journal search was undertaken to identify all the relevant studies published in English. The search included MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and years from 1950 to 2012. The subject search used a combination of controlled vocabulary and free text based on the search strategy for MEDLINE using key words: ‘mandible’, ‘mandibular’, ‘foramen’, ‘anatomy’, ‘embryology’, ‘anthropology’, and ‘mental’. The reference lists of all the relevant studies and existing reviews were screened for additional relevant publications. Basing on relevant manuscripts, this short review about the anatomy, embryology and anthropology of the mandible and the mandibular foramen was written. (Folia Morphol 2013; 71, 4: 285–292)

8

The morphology and morphometry of the foramina of the greater wing of the human sphenoid bone

63%

Reymond J., Charuta A., Wysocki J.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 3

188-193

The greater wing of the human sphenoid bone is pierced by several foramina, which contain, as a main element, the venous anastomoses between the interior of the skull and the extracranial veins. Since data concerning these foramina are scarce in the literature, studies comprising the frequency of occurrence and morphology of the foramina of the greater wing of the human sphenoid bone were undertaken on 100 macerated skulls. We found that the foramen ovale is divided into 2 or 3 components in 4.5% of cases. Moreover, the borders of the foramen ovale in some skulls were irregular and rough. This may suggest, on radiological images, the presence of morbid changes, which might be the sole anatomical variation. Concurrent with the foramen ovale are accessory foramina. The foramen of Vesalius and the cavernous foramen were present in 17% and 33% of cases, respectively. The foramen of Vesalius was always single and the cavernous foramen also occurred in multiple form. The foramen spinosus and the foramen rotundum occurred as permanent elements of the skulls studied. The mean area of the foramina measured, excluding the foramen ovale, was not considerable, which may suggest that they play a minor role in the dynamics of blood circulation in the venous system of the head.

9

Unusual anatomical features of the right atrioventricular valve

51%

Skwarek M., Hreczecha J., Grzybiak M., Kosinski A.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 3

183-187

Despite the great interest taken in the tricuspid valve, the anatomical literature on the subject still leaves much open to question. The aim of this study was to describe the natural foramina which are present in the leaflets of the tricuspid valve, as well as, well — founded onto — and phylogenetically lack of continuity of its attachment and the frenula of the tricuspid valve. We studied the frequency of occurrence and morphology of these features of the tricuspid valve in 107 adult hearts.

Ograniczanie wyników

Foramina on the internal aspect of the alveolar part of the mandible

An anatomical study of the pterygoalar bar and the pterygoalar foramen

A triplicate obturator foramen

The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle and its arteries

The size of selected human skull foramina in relation to skull capacity

Surgical observartion of the agenesis of the foramen of Magendie

The mandible and its foramen: anatomy, anthropology, embryology and resulting clinical implications

The morphology and morphometry of the foramina of the greater wing of the human sphenoid bone

Unusual anatomical features of the right atrioventricular valve