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The effect of vegetation character on abundance and structure of subpopulations of rare herb species Gentiana pneumonanthe L.

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Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 1

During the 20th century in Central and Eastern Europe, traditional agricultural management was either heavily intensified or abandoned due to socio-economic reasons. The land abandonment led to subsequent secondary succession reverted many wet meadows into Phragmites swamps, Salix or Alnus thickets, as well as woodlands. Therefore, the understanding of changes in abundance and structure of populations in the process of succession has become very important especially for rare and endangered species. In Poland one of strictly protected plant is Gentiana pneumonanthe L. It is a nonclonal, long-lived, iteroparous plant consisted of numerous vegetative and generative stems, bearing 1–25 flowers per year. The investigations of abundance and structure of subpopulations of Gentiana pneumonanthe were conducted in the years 2009– 2011 in abandoned Molinietum caeruleae meadows dominated by low-stature species (Patch I), prevailed by tall grasses (Patch II), willows (Patch III), as well as partly overgrown by shrubs and trees (Patch IV). The average height of vegetation cover achieved from 65.3 cm (Patch I), via 85.8 cm (Patch II) and 94.0 cm (Patch III), to 142.7 cm (Patch IV). The gradually decline of abundance of Gentiana pneumonathe subpopulations and increased trend toward their senilization along the gradient of vegetation height might be due to successional closure of plant cover, preventing seedling recruitment. The total number of stems per individual and length of vegetative stems decreased with augmentation of neighbouring plants dimensions, whereas the height of generative stems, as well as flower and fruit production presented inversed trend. The greatest dimensions of capsules found in patch dominated by small meadow species might be due to greater availability of solar radiation. The conditions of studied subpopulations decrease gradually from patch dominated by small meadow species, via sites prevailed by grasses and willows, to place overgrown by shrubs and trees. Although obvious differences in abundance and structure of individuals, the prospects of all observed populations are poor, especially that patches are not subjected active protection.

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Variability of morphological traits of the rare plant species Angelica palustris (Apiaceae) in managed and abandoned meadows: effect of mowing

100%

Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt K., Stachurska-Swakon A., Towpasz K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 1

The effect of meadow management type on selected population traits of the rare plant Angelica palustris was examined. The study was carried out in a regularly mown meadow (Plot I), an abandoned meadow with medium high plants (Plot II) and an abandoned meadow with high plants (Plot III) situated in southern Poland (Proszowice Plateau). Observations conducted in the years 2010 and 2011 showed greater abundance of A. palustris in Plot I than in Plots II and III. This pointed to the significance of disturbance caused by mowing, which creates gaps in the plant cover and litter layer that become safe sites for A.palustris seedling recruitment and their subsequent growth. In the abandoned meadows a diminishing share of vegetative individuals and a reduction in the number of flowering stems in generative individuals were found. The height of generative stems in the abandoned meadows was higher than in the mown one as a response to the height of neighbouring plants. The number of umbels per stem and number of umbellets per umbel were positively correlated with the height of the stem. In light of our investigations, it can be stated that regular mowing has a beneficial effect on the state of populations of A. palustris. On the other hand, the formation of highly productive generative stems with substantial numbers of inflorescences and infructescences in abandoned meadows may promote successful seed dispersal and an escape from an unfavourable site.

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Ocena fenologiczna, morfologiczna i plonowanie odmian tulipanow uprawianych dwoma sposobami w warunkach przyrodniczych Olsztyna. Czesc III. Plon handlowy tulipanow

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Brych A., Wazbinska J., Ploszaj B.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2006

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tom 510

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nr 1

79-86

Badania nad plonem handlowym tulipanów uprawianych sposobem jednorocznym i wieloletnim przeprowadzone zostały w Ogrodzie Zakładu Dydaktyczno-Doświadczalnego Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. Po zakończeniu wegetacji tulipanów i wykopaniu cebul obliczono plon handlowy (w szt.·m⁻² i kg.·m⁻²) Plon cebul tulipanów uprawianych sposobem jednorocznym wyrażony szt.·m⁻² i kg·m⁻² był znacznie wyższy od plonu w uprawie trzyletniej. Średni plon handlowy wahał się od 7,67 szt.·m⁻² (‘Georgette’ w uprawie wieloletniej) do 249,00 szt.·m⁻² (‘Apeldoorn’ w uprawie jednorocznej). W uprawie jednorocznej najplenniejsze okazały się odmiany ‘Apeldoorn’, 'Apeldoorn’s Elite’ ‘Doll’s Minuet’. Plon tych odmian w uprawie wieloletniej był znacznie niższy, ale w stosunku do innych odmian dawał największy plon handlowy. Plon handlowy wyrażony w kg·m⁻² i w szt.·m⁻² był największy w uprawie jednorocznej. Plon ten w uprawie wieloletniej był czterokrotnie mniejszy.

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Variation in size-dependent fitness components in a terrestrial orchid, Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) Hunt et Summerh., in relation to environmental factors

70%

Mroz L., Kosiba P.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2011

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tom 80

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nr 2

We investigated the flowering probability and flower production in relation to plant size in a terrestrial orchid, Dactylorhiza majalis at 10 meadow sites in central and southwestern Poland. These sites differed in altitude (low, high) and management (presence or absence of mowing). At all sites, concentrations of nutrients in the soil were also measured. The probability of flowering increased significantly with the size of the plant in all populations, indicating that individuals do not flower until they reach a threshold size. Populations at high altitudes and the unmown sites had significantly lower threshold sizes for reproduction and showed sharp increase in flowering probability with plant size, compared to other populations. The threshold sizes for reproduction tended to decrease at sites rich in N and Mg and poor in P and S. Flower production was also size-dependent in all populations. Considerable between-site differences were found in the slope and the intercept of the regression between plant size and flower production. Flower production at some sites, at high altitudes, increased more steeply with plant size than at other sites. However, no pattern in size-dependent flower production was found relative to the measured environmental variables. Most of the size-dependent components of flowering probability were related to each other but not with the size-dependent flower production.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Polish Journal of Ecology

1 Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

1 Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

2 Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt K.

1 Brych A.

1 Kosiba P.

1 Mroz L.

1 Ploszaj B.

1 Stachurska-Swakon A.

1 Towpasz K.

1 Wazbinska J.

1 2018

1 2013

1 2011

1 2006

The effect of vegetation character on abundance and structure of subpopulations of rare herb species Gentiana pneumonanthe L.

Variability of morphological traits of the rare plant species Angelica palustris (Apiaceae) in managed and abandoned meadows: effect of mowing

Ocena fenologiczna, morfologiczna i plonowanie odmian tulipanow uprawianych dwoma sposobami w warunkach przyrodniczych Olsztyna. Czesc III. Plon handlowy tulipanow

Variation in size-dependent fitness components in a terrestrial orchid, Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) Hunt et Summerh., in relation to environmental factors