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Competitive interactions between spring wheat and spring barley were traced based on a pot experiment. In the years 2003-2004, three cycles of the experiment were carried out in a greenhouse. Two spring cereals – wheat and barley, sown in a mixture and in a monoculture, with different mineral fertilisation levels, were the object of evaluation and comparison. The experiment was set up according to the additive scheme, determining dry weight values for both species in 5 growth stages (emergence, tillering, shooting, heading and ripening). Results were used to determine relative yields and competition ratios. It was demonstrated that competition between the cereals started already from the emergence stage and lasted till the end of vegetation, manifesting itself with the greatest strength at the heading stage, but thereafter it weakened in the NPK poorer environment. Access to a larger pool of macroelements resulted in the intensifi cation of competitive interactions. Spring barley used the limited growth factors better than wheat from shooting till the ripening period, and a reverse relation was exhibited only at the tillering stage.
Field experiments were carried out over 1996-1999 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture at Mochełek in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz on a very good rye complex soil. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the forecrop value for spring barley of five species of fodder crops (white mustard, radish, winter rape, sunflower and phacelia) cultivated in stubble intercrop after winter wheat, depending on the fertilisation method (cattle slurry fertilisation, wheat straw with mineral fertilisers added and with mineral fertilisers only). The effect of stubble intercrops on spring barley fertilisation was slight and differed over years. On average over three research years the highest grain yields were obtained after sunflower and phacelia; however the yield increase, as compared with the control, was 3.3% only. Neither was there observed a significant effect of intercrop fertilisation method on barley yielding.
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