In paper the analysis of operating costs of machines was occured in agricultural farms grouped according to main type definite on ground of the Standard Gross Margin. It was ascertain that with growth of economic size of farm grow the operating costs of machines together. The smallest operating costs convert on 1 hectare of arable area occur in the Mixed crops - livestock farms. The largest operating costs of machines convert on 1 ESU bear the Mixed cropping farms.
The peculiarities and determinants, basics and special ways for elaboration and strategy development of farms have been considered in the paper. The necessity for economic, marketing and social criteria when choosing the strategy have been presented. On the basis of SWOT analysis the strategies for farm development taking into account their type and size have been offered: dynamic, existence on the market, exit market and vertical diversification.
I have made examinations for the period of 1989-2005 in order to give an overall evaluation on the profitability questions of agriculture in the European Union. It was a priority during the research to evaluate the situation of the Hungarian farms. It was explored that the average profitability of farms increased dynamically in the 12/15 EU countries during the examined period. It Was proved that the engine of growth was the farm concentration implemented in the meantime, and the economically adequate technical development, which could gain ground. The research reported about significant differences concerning the average productivity and profitability of economies of former member countries and new members integrated in 2004. The outcomes of the Hungarian farms according to farm type and size, are basically rather poor, compared both to EU-25 and countries with similar agricultural qualities. Considering the results, the role of subsidies in income should be stressed in case of new and former member countries. It is undoubted, however, that in case of new ones, the subsidy-dependence is greater.
The plant material taken for the study was collected from maize fields in Denmark. In total, maize cobs were collected from 58 fields of 15 farms (9 organic and 6 traditional ones). The plant material (97 samples) was divided according to the following criteria: maize cultivars, effective temperature sum (ETS) during growing period, type of farm (traditional and organic farms). The dry matter content of maize cob samples was determined as well as starch, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), phosphorus and magnesium content. The dry matter content was negatively correlated with NDF and ADF, but positively correlated with starch. A highly negative correlation of starch content with NDF and ADF was found.