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1
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The effect of fiberoptic bronchoscopy on exhaled nitric oxide

100%
Krenke R., Przybylowski T., Hildebrand K., Fangrat A., Gorska K., Barnas M., Chazan R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2006
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tom 57
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nr 4
183-190
Nitric oxide has been extensively studied as a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation. Assuming that bronchoscopy can produce not only systemic but also local inflammatory response, we hypothesized that bronchofiberoscopy can be responsible for an increase in nitric oxide synthesis with resulting increase in fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO). Fifty five subjects (F/M-23/32; mean age 53.9 ±17.3 yr) undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy participated in the study. The indications for bronchoscopy were as follows: interstitial lung diseases (n=13; 23.6%), lung cancer (n=11; 20.0%), hemoptysis (n=10; 18.2%), differential diagnosis of asthma/dyspnea (n=9; 16.4%), pulmonary infections (n=7; 12.7%), and others (n=5; 9.1%). During bronchoscopy bronchial washing (n=18), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (n=26), and bronchial biopsies (n=24) were performed. FENO was analyzed on-line with chemiluminescence analyzer (NIOX, Aerocrine, Sweden) according to the ATS guidelines, before and at 1, 2, 3 and 24 h after bronchoscopy. The mean FENO before bronchoscopy was 21.0 ±3.31(SE) ppb, it decreased to 14.8 ±2.10 ppb 1 h after bronchoscopy, reached a nadir at 2 h (14.4 ±2.28 ppb; P<0.05), and was not different from baseline 24 h after bronchoscopy (22.8 ±2.90 ppb). There were no differences in the FENO profile in BAL patients compared with those in whom only the bronchial washing was performed. We conclude that bronchoscopy leads to a decrease in FENO. The underlying mechanisms are at present unclear.
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Potential confounding factors in measurement of exhaled nitric oxide

84%
Nadziakiewicz P., Knapik P., Rozentryt P., Ziora D., Dworniczak S., Kozielski J., Polonski L.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2006
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tom 57
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nr 4
223-228
Nitric oxide is present in the exhaled air. Factors affecting the level of exhaled nitric oxide (exNO), except for smoking, are not well defined. In this study we seek to determine whether age, gender, body mass index (BMI), part of the day, or time after a meal could modulate exNO levels. exNO was examined by the use of a chemiluminescence method in 100 subjects - 31 women (19 nonsmokers and 12 smokers) and 69 males (55 nonsmokers and 14 smokers). Forty four subjects took medications due to stable coronary disease, 22 were after heart transplantation, and 34 did not take any drugs. We found that exNO levels did not differ either between the whole groups of women and men or between smokers and nonsmokers of either respective group (4.91 ±2.38 vs. 6.27 ±4.23 ppb; 3.21 ±1.16 vs. 3.71 ±1.55 ppb; 5.98 ±2.35 vs. 6.92 ±4.45 ppb). The correlation of exNO with age in the whole population was weak (r=0.23; P=0.02) and insignificant in the smoking and nonsmoking subgroups. Likewise, correlations of exNO with BMI, part of the day, or time after a meal were insignificant in whole population as well as the subgroups. We conclude that the aforementioned factors are not able to confound the measurement of exNO in the population studied.
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Moderate exercise decreases nitric oxide exhalation in patients with stable coronary artery disease

84%
Nadziakiewicz P., Knapik P., Ziora D., Nowak D.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2006
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tom 57
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nr 4
213-221
Nitric oxide (NO) is present in exhaled air in humans and its level may decrease in heart diseases. Nitrates are metabolized to NO. In the present study we prospectively investigated how coronary disease treated with oral nitrates and physical exercise influence the exhaled NO concentration (exNO). The study was performed in 44 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with oral nitrates (31 nonsmokers and 13 smokers) and 34 healthy volunteers (21 nonsmokers and 13 smokers). End-tidal concentration of exhaled NO was measured by the use of a chemiluminescence method. The Bruce protocol of an exercise test was performed in 21 coronary patients and 11 volunteers. NO was measured before and 2-5 min after the test. We found no significant differences in the exNO level between healthy controls and CAD patients as analyzed either for the whole groups or non-smoker and smoker subgroups (6.01 parts per billion (ppb) vs. 4.91 ppb; 7.02 ppb vs. 5.89 ppb; 3.62 ppb vs. 3.33 ppb, respectively). However, the coronary patients group, as a whole, had lower exNO after exercise (4.22 ppb vs. 3.84 ppb, P<0.01). The difference persisted after division of this group into non-smokers and smokers: 5.19 ppb vs. 4.79 ppb, P<0.05 and 3.63 ppb vs. 3.27 ppb, P<0.05, respectively). The level of exNO changed inappreciably after exercise in control subjects. We conclude that coronary disease and oral nitrates, in themselves, do not influence the exhaled NO concentration. Physical exercise, on the other side, lowers the exhaled NO level in coronary patients.
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Maternal allergy as a potential source of variability of exhaled nitric oxide in children non-sensitized to common domestic allergens

84%
Jedrychowski W., Maugeri U., Zembala M., Klimaszewska-Rembiasz M., Mroz E., Flak E., Sowa A., Jacek R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2012
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tom 63
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nr 3
5
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Exhaled nitric oxide concentration in patients after heart transplantation

67%
Nadziakiewicz P., Knapik P., Zakliczynski M., Zembala M., Urbanska E., Pacholewicz J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2007
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tom 58
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nr 5
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