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Studies were carried out on broiler chickens of the Astra B-2 line that were for 10 weeks fed an experimental diet consisting of mill cake from evening primrose seeds while control broilers received standard DKA food. After 10 weeks chickens of both groups were slaughtered and were assessed on proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic activity of pancreas and the activity of liver enzymes, i.e. alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, isocitric dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase. The proteolytic and amylolytic activity of the pancreas was significantly greater in chickens of the experimental group (fed mill cake of primrose seeds) than the activity of enzymes of control chickens. The activity of superoxide dismutase was twice as high in the liver of chickens of the experimental group as in that of the control group. Other liver enzymes did not show any changes.
The studies were carried out on pancreas extracts from guinea pigs free of parasite invasion. The activity of trypsin was determined according to the method of Anson, and amylase of Fennel method. The measurements of activity were done at the presence of homogenized invasive eggs of Ascaris suum, and the mixture of volatile organic acids C₂-C₆ (at concentrations of 30.3 and 0.3 mM/l). In samples with homogenized invasive eggs of A. suum the amylase activity remained unchanged while the activity of trypsin was considerably higher (p < 0,01). The introduction of the organic acids at conc. 30 mM/l into the samples was the reason of lower amylase activity. No influence of these acids on trypsin activity in pancreas extracts was observed.
The activity of alpha-amylase in the experimental groups of guinea pigs was lower than in control animals. The decreased level of activity of trypsin was noted (p<0.05) also in infected animals, and in treatment with organic acids. In the group of guinea pigs, which was administrated homogenized eggs of parasite, the activity of enzyme was a little higher than in control animals. The infection of animals was associated with increase of relative weight, of lungs. The guinea pigs treatment with organic acids had also a higher weight of spleen.
Mukowiscidoza jest najczęstszą genetycznie uwarunkowaną chorobą wrodzoną. Przewlekła choroba oskrzelowo-płucna, niewydolność ze- wnątrzwydzielnicza trzustki, zaburzenia trawienia i wchłaniania oraz postępujące wyniszczenie to najczęstszy obraz kliniczny. Pogarszający się w przebiegu choroby stan odżywienia, ma bezpośredni wpływ na częstość zakażeń, a także funkcję układu oddechowego, decyduje o jakości i długości życia. Leczenie żywieniowe jest niezbędnym elementem skojarzonej opieki medycznej i jest realizowane przez substytucję enzymami trzustkowymi, modyfikację diety oraz wczesne odżywianie nocne przez żołądkową przetokę odżywczą. W artykule przedstawiono podstawy żywienia dzieci z mukowiscidozą, zasady modyfikacji diety i leczenia żywieniowego oraz dawkowanie enzymów trzustkowych.
The guinea pigs were infected orally or intraintestinally (after laparotomy) with 5000 invasive eggs of Ascaris suum. On the 7th day after infection the invasion was controlled by lung's weight, degree of congestion, and number of larvae in the lungs. The activity of amylase was determined according to Fennel method, trypsin to Anson method. The activities of both enzymes in pancreas of orally infected animals (after laparotomy or not) were lower, and relative weight of lungs of these animals was higher than in control animals. In pancreas of guinea pig with invasive material introduced into its, the activities of amylase and trypsin were higher than in control animals, but only the activity of trypsin differed significantly.
The infection of guinea pigs with Ascaris suum larvae resulted in decrease of the activities of trypsin and alpha-amylase, and in increase of lipase activity in extracts from their pancreas. The activity of alpha-amylase, lipase and the relative weight of lungs of infected animals which were given vitamin A, did not differ from control animals. The activity of trypsin from pancreas these animals was higher than that measured in only infected guinea pigs but it was lower than in control animals. Application of vitamin B₂ and the infection of guinea pigs with A. suum did not lead to the synonymous results.
The studies were carried out on the chickens given the diet containing 19% and 11% of protein. On the 7th day of their life one part of the chickens were infected with different doses (125-500) of invasive eggs of Ascaridia galli. The other part of the birds were infected with 500 eggs of A. galli and the invasion lasted from 5 to 49 days. In the extracts from pancreas the activities of trypsin and α-amylase were measured. No differences were observed between trypsin activity of control and infected chickens fed with diet containing 11% of protein. The activity of trypsin was lower in infected chickens fed with diet containing 19% of protein, when the invasion lasted over 15 days. The activity of α-amylase in both groups decreased after infection with more than 100 invasive eggs of A. galli. The intensity and the extensity of invasion were lower in the chickens given the diet of 19% of protein.
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