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1
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Evaluation of energy drink intake in selected student groups

100%
Kopacz A., Wawrzyniak A., Hamulka J., Gornicka M.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
2013
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tom 64
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nr 1
Background. Energy drinks are intended for people who work hard, both physically and mentally, particularly young people engaged in an active lifestyle. Objective. To assess the intake of energy drinks in a student group, during examinations and throughout an academic year. Materials and methods. A survey was performed on 92 students attending the Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences (Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS) and those from the Faculty of Physical Education (University of Physical Education - UPE) in Warsaw. Results. Students consumed many more energy drinks during examinations (1424±1577 ml/week) than during the academic year (441±579 ml/week). About 30% more subjects from UPE drank such drinks, throughout both examinations and the academic year, compared to those from WULS. On average, most students drunk less than one can per day. During exams, only 49% students consumed an average of less than 125 ml of energy drinks per day, (WULS; 55% and UPE; 46%), whereas this rose to 84% during the academic year (WULS; 91% and UPA; 80%). The most popular brands were Tiger, Red Bull and Burn. Conclusions. It is important that due care and attention is exercised in consuming high amounts of energy drinks as they contain bioactive substances, including caffeine, inositol, taurine, glucuronolactone and vitamins of the group B. These all have specific effects on the body and can be a cause for concern if their intake is high.
2

The appraisal of functional beverages among people leading an active lifestyle

84%
Staniewska K., Jakubowska D.
Towaroznawcze Problemy Jakości. Polskie Towarzystwo Towaroznawcze
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2014
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nr 4
3
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Consumption of selected beverages and teenagers’ perception of own health

84%
Fabisiak A., Jaworski M.
Health Problems of Civilization
|
2018
|
tom 12
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nr 1
Background. Health can be perceived as a set of individual determinants that enable a person to develop in various areas. Some people view their health subjectively to realise their owns goals. The following study aims to investigate health- and eating-related behaviours in young people with regard to selected alcoholic beverages. Material and methods. The group of people involved in the study consisted of 77 teenagers from a high school aged 17 to 18 years. The mean age of the entire group was 17.1 years (SD = 0.8 years). As for gender, the sample was dominated by women, who accounted for 58.4% (n = 45) of all the respondents, while men − 41.6% (n = 32). Results. When asked about the significance of good health and proper nutrition for teens, a large number of the girls participating in this survey, i.e. 51.9%, declared that health was important to them, whereas 29.9% claimed that it was very important. Furthermore, the teenagers involved in the study often claimed that they eat healthily (rho = 0.42; p <0.01) and 40.3% perceived their diet as healthy. Only 2.6% of the respondents viewed their diet as improper. Conclusions. Particular attention should be paid to building a sense of personal responsibility for health in young people. Health promotion programmes targeting young people should be aimed at developing their personality features which are indirectly associated with increasing awareness and responsibility for their own health, encouraging the individual to make right choices with regard to food products, including the type and quantity of beverages available on the market.
4
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School pupils and university students surveyed for drinking beverages containing caffeine

84%
Gornicka M., Pierzynowska J., Kaniewska E., Kossakowska K., Wozniak A.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
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2014
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tom 65
|
nr 2
Background. Caffeine is a commonly found ingredient in many beverages. Its main dietary source is coffee, cola drinks and in recent years, energy drinks. Objectives. To compare the consumption of drinks containing caffeine (coffee, colas and energy drinks) and the reasons and circumstances under which they were drunk by middle school (junior high school) pupils and university students. Material and methods. Surveyed subjects were 90 middle school pupils from Warsaw and Kutno together with 100 students attending the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). A questionnaire, designed by the authors, was used to determine the amounts, frequency and the reasons or circumstances in which coffee, colas and energy drinks were consumed. Statistics used, consisted of the Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square (χ2) tests, with significance taken as α ≤ 0.05. Results. Cola drinks were found to be the most popularly consumed beverages containing caffeine; 97% pupils and 93% students. Coffee was however drunk twice less by pupils compared to students, whilst similar amounts of energy drinks were consumed by both groups; respectively 48% and 53%. Gender differences were observed for the energy drinks with young men drinking the most. Coffee and energy drink consumption also rose with age by respectively 39% and 57%. The mean caffeine intake in pupils and students were respectively estimated to be 141 and 163 mg/day(d). The reasons why these beverages were drunk varied, from drinking coffee to keeping awake and drinking cola because of its good taste. Pupils also drank energy drinks due to its taste but students because of improved mental performance and in staying awake. Conclusions. Drinking caffeine containing drinks by adolescents can be very variable and comes from many different sources. Thus, its intakes may be very high and so require monitoring, particularly for the youngest. Further observational studies are needed to assess the consumption of energy drinks in relation to physical activity.
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