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1

Particle retention in the forestomach of a browsing ruminant, the roe deer Capreolus capreolus

100%
Clauss M., Lechner-Doll M., Behrend A., Lason K., Lang D., Streich W. J.
Acta Theriologica
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2001
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tom 46
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nr 1
A combination of a flotation/sedimentation experiment and sieve analysis for the reticulorumen (RR) contents of roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758, a browsing ruminant, showed that there was no correlation between particle size and particle density. Large particles were present in both the sedimented and the buoyant fraction, which is in accord with the reported absence of stratification of RR contents in browsing ruminants. Comparative sieve analysis of roe deer RR and caecal/rectal material demonstrated that there must be some selective particle retention in the browsing ruminant as well, as a certain fraction of large particles in RR contents does not occur in the caecal/rectal material. These results lead to the explanatory dilemma that, while selective particle retention is observed, it cannot be due to the mechanisms known to work in grazing ruminants.
2
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Gastroenterological research in domestic animals - past, present and future perspectives

84%
Zabielski R., Gill J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2003
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tom 54
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nr 3
263-281
The gastrointestinal research in domestic animals in Poland is briefly discussed in the section. The history starts over seventy years ago with the creation of the Department of Animal Physiology at the Veterinary Faculty of Warsaw University. Professor B. Gutowski, the first head of the Department, and his pupils established the School of Gastrointestinal Physiology; renowned for the achievements in physiology of digestion, gastrointestinal motility, pancreas and liver functions, and comparative physiology of domestic ruminants and wild animals. After the WWII the gastrointestinal research has also been initiated in the newly established faculties of veterinary and animal science of the agricultural universities in Lublin (motility, composition of pepsinogen, biliary and pancreas secretion, vitamin and microelement absorption), Szczecin (lipid absorption, lymph formation), Wroc³aw (gastrointestinal and gall bladder motility, bile secretion) as well as in the Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition of the Polish Academy of Science (digestion and absorption, development of the gastrointestinal tract in neonates). The research activity was focused on solving the problems faced by animal production in Poland, but it also resulted in a considerable number of physiological findings of an international dimension, and initiated new research areas.
3

Effect of thyroxine on some digestive enzymes of the adult male toad, Bufo melanostictus

67%
Bhattacharyya S. K., Chaki K. K., Misra K. K.
Folia Biologica
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2002
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tom 50
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nr 1-2
4

An interdisciplinary study on the mode of action of probiotics in pigs

59%
Simon O.
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
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2010
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tom 19
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nr 2
230-243
An interdisciplinary research group granted by the German Research Foundation (FOR 438) tested various hypotheses and tired to develop a model for the mode of action of probiotics in pigs. The study included the fields of animal nutrition/digestion physiology, anatomy and histology of the intestinal mucosa, transport and secretory properties of the mucosa, microbiology of the intestinal tract, immune system (classes of intraepithelial lymphocytes, humoral responses), gene expression of the mucosa and finally the in vitro and in vivo resistance against infection with Salmonella. Five trials with ten sows per treatment each and their piglets and two probiotic strains were included in this study. The studied bacterial strains were Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 and Bacillus cereus var. toyoi NCIMB 40112. Concluding from our studies and the published data of others, the effects of probiotics on performance are rarely significant. However, with one exception the incidence of post-weaning diarrhoea under the effect of both probiotics was significantly reduced in the trials of the research group. Furthermore, the identification frequency of various E. coli sero-pathovars relevant in post weaning diarrhoea was reduced in these animals. On the other hand, no significant modifications were found for the morphology and histology of the intestinal mucosa and also not on transport properties of this tissue. A further important finding was that the mode of action for probiotics is not unique but species or even strain specific. Most probably the studied probiotics act directly and/ or via modifications of the intestinal microbiota on the immune system (intraepithelial lymphocyte population).
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