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1

Coexistence of Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni revisited

100%
Jiang T., Lu G., Sun K., Luo J., Feng J.
Acta Theriologica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 1
The investigation of mechanism of species coexistence promotes understanding of the mechanistic processes behind community ecology and ecosystem functions. Niche theory declares that species coexistence within a community must partition the resources of their environment. Two sympatric and morphologically similar bat species, Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni, provided a unique opportunity to test the causal mechanism of coexistence. Previous study showed that their coexistence was promoted not by the trophic and spatial niche differentiation but the relatively high abundance of prey resources, which was not in accord with the prediction of niche theory. Here, therefore, we reanalyzed the dietary composition by fecal analysis and surveyed the feeding time of both species. Our results showed that R. affinis and R. pearsoni hunt mainly mostly on Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, and there was a very high overlap (0.84) of trophic niche between the two species. However, significant difference in the duration of the activity period between both species was detected, which illustrated that temporal partitioning of prey resource use facilitated their coexistence. Additionally, our work highlighted the importance of integration of the traditional methods and next-generation sequencing methods for identifying dietary composition of carnivores, and suggested that ongoing studies of species coexistence must consider simultaneously multiple niche axes.
2

Co-occurrence of lemnids in Argentina: a null model analysis

100%
Wolek J., Walanus A.
Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica
|
2000
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tom 45
|
nr 1-2
3

The slope aspect affects the heterogeneity and growth of ground vegetation in deciduous temperate forest

84%
Chmura D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2008
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tom 56
|
nr 3
463-470
The species richness, H’ and D’ diversity and evenness J in southwestern- and northeastern-facing slopes were compared and height of twelve herbaceous plant species was measured five times during vegetation season in old-growth beech forest. The opposite slopes chosen for studies were similar in relation to slope inclination, type of soil, species composition and canopy cover. Two study plots 60 m2 encompassing two rows of 1- by 2-m 15 rectangular quadrates2 were established. The study revealed that northern slopes were characterized by significantly lower mean species diversity (H’ = 0.82; D’ = 0.47) compared to southern slopes (H’ = 1.2; D’ = 0.59), similar evenness (ca. J = 0.72) and higher heterogeneity with respect to spatial structure using Euclidean distance and range of DCA scores of quadrates of plots. Two-way ANOVA yielded significant differences of effect of slope aspect (P <0.001) and period of time (P <0.01) on average vegetation height. Nevertheless, interaction of time and aspect turned out to be insignificant. The highest mean values of height of plants were observed at the end of July and the end of June. Generally plants growing on north-facing slope were taller and had higher cover than those growing in southern sloped forest. This can be the result of lower species diversity on northeastern slope which favours development of individual species in conditions of weak interspecific competition and stronger intraspecific interactions.
4

Changes in the structure of avian community along a moisture gradient in an urbanized tropical riparian forest

84%
Kopij G.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2020
|
tom 68
|
nr 3
5

Species abundance-distribution relationship: the differences among oak (Quercus liaotungensis Koidz) forest layers

84%
Feng Y., Ma K., Zhang Y., Anand M., He K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2011
|
tom 59
|
nr 1
Species abundance-distribution relationship is currently a hot topic in community ecology. Previous studies have suggested that a positive abundance-distribution relationship is a widespread feature of ecological assemblage across a wide variety of organisms, but how this relationship varies among different functional groups remains unclear. In this study, the species abundance-distribution relationship in the tree layer, shrub layer, and herb layer were analyzed respectively in an oak forest (Quercus liaotungensis Koidz.), Beijing region, China. Ten transects were set up from the foot to the top of every west slope to create a continuous altitude gradient (1020– 1770 m). The width of each transect was 10 m and the length of each transect ranged from 80–200 m, depending on the altitude range and slope degree. This study area consisted of 119 quadrats, each 10 × 10 m2. Within each quadrat, three sub-quadrats (1m × 1m) were randomly selected for the inventory of herb layer. Our results showed that the relationship between local species abundance and the regional distribution was significantly positive while the frequency distribution was unimodal in the three layers, indicating that locally abundant species were widely spread whereas locally rare species had restricted regional distributions. Variance partitioning of species abundance showed that the contribution of environmental variation and spatial variation to regulating the species abundance-distribution relationship of different layers are different: the pure geographical variation decreased and the pure soil variation increased in the order of tree layer, shrub layer, to herb layer, while the response due to total soil variation was similar in all three layer communities. The distribution of tree layer and shrub layer are mainly influenced by large-scale factors while herb layer distribution is more likely determined by local-scale factors.
6

Topographic differences play a limited role on species distribution in a sub-tropical forest in South China

84%
Gong G.-Q., Huang Z.-L., Ye W.-H., Cao H.-L., lian J.-Y., Lin G.-J., Wei S.-G., Li L., Bin Y., Kong B., Li B.-W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2013
|
tom 61
|
nr 3
Habitat association test has been regarded as an effective way to evaluate the relative role of niche differentiation in a community. Topographical attributes are often selected as surrogates of niche processes. However, the inference for relative role of niche differentiation is likely problematic if the spatial dependence of plant community on underlying spatiallystructured topographic variables is not accounted for. In this study, we used the torus shift and principal component analysis (PCA) to resolve this problem, and tested the habitat associations by adjusted-SD test in a sub-tropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in south China. The result revealed that minority of 100 common species were specialist, among which 8 species associated with first two PC axes (accounted for 98% of total eigenvalue and contributed mainly by mean elevation and aspect) and 22 species associated with last two PC axes (contributed by slope and convexity). In conclusion, we found the niche processes represented by topographical attributes play a limited role in the Dinghushan sub-tropical evergreen broad-leaved forest plot. Further study should include more habitat variables to examine the habitat associations.
7

Community ecology of the terrestrial small mammals of Zakouma National Park, Chad

84%
Granjon L., Houssin C., Lecompte E., Angaya M., Cesar J., Cornette R., Dobigny G., Denys C.
Acta Theriologica
|
2004
|
tom 49
|
nr 2
The terrestrial small mammal community of the Zakouma National Park (Chad) was assessed by live trapping in various habitats during the dry season. Nearly 3000 trap-nights yielded 505 captures of nine rodent and two shrew species, making up a representative small mammal community for the Sudanian savanna biotic zone. Murine rodents of the genus Mastomys dominated, with M. erythroleucus and M. cf. kollman- nspergeri occuring at similar abundances. The former was widespread and especially abundant in habitats with high tree cover. The latter was more localized, predominantly in annually flooded habitats characterized by a clay-rich soil, often with Acacia seyal as the main vegetation. Population structure differed between the two species, suggesting distinct reproductive strategies possibly linked with habitat preferences: the M. erythroleucus population comprised mainly young, immature individuals, whereas M. cf. kollmannspergeri was represented by older individuals, a significant fraction of which had already reproduced. Taterillus congicus and Tatera kempi (gerbilline rodents), togetjier with Lemniscomys zebra, were mainly found in more open habitats with sand-rich soils. Arvicanthis niloticus, Acomys cf. johannis, Mus mattheyi and Xerus erythropus were the other rodents captured, whereas shrews were represented by Crocidura fulvastra and Suncus sp.
8

Factors influencing perceived community structure in nearctic forest small mammals

59%
Kirkland G. L., Sheppard P. K., Shaughnessy M. J., Woleslagle B. A.
Acta Theriologica
|
1998
|
tom 43
|
nr 2
Arrays of pitfalls and drift fences were deployed in five deciduous forest habitats in southcentral Pennsylvania to assess the characteristics, and temporal and spatial dynamics of forest small-mammal communities, and to determine the impact of precipi­tation, sampling method, and length of sampling period on perceived small-mammal abundance and community structure. Results revealed that soricid assemblages were more diverse and generally more abundant than rodent assemblages, which were dominated by the white-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus. Precipitation dramatically increased the capture rates of shrews; the response was less pronounced in rodents. Individual species responded independently to precipitation. The response was more pronounced in three species of arvicoline rodents (Clethrionomys gapperi, Microtus pinetorum, and M. pennsylvanicus) than in P. leucopus, a sigmodontine. Comparisons of sampling with pitfalls and Museum Special snap-traps, with and without drift fencing, revealed that arrays of pitfalls with drift fences produced significantly higher capture rates for all small mammals, shrews, rodents, and P. leucopus, greater num­bers of species, and higher Shannon indices than other sampling methods, Comparison of the results of sampling for 3, 5, 7, and 10 days revealed that extending sampling to 7 or more days yielded significantly more species, higher Shannon indices, and greater numbers of individuals than sampling for less than 7 days.
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