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Antioxidant and antiradical activities of cinnamic and benzoic acid derivatives, using different methods, were investigated. The total antioxidant effect was evaluated using method with linoleic acid-water emulsion. The ability to scavenge free radicals was checked using 2,2 -azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS*) or 2,2-di- phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH*). The reducing power of the studied compounds solutions was also evaluated. It was stated, that the applied measuring method strongly influenced the obtained result, because in the system with ABTS* free radicals, the highest antioxidant activities possessed vanillic, sinapic and protocatechuic acid, whereas the most effective DPPH* radical scavengers were methyl ferulate, methyl syringate, syringaldéhyde and vanillic acid. In another method, linoleic acid peroxidation was effectively inhibited by the caffeic, sinapic and syringic acid. The highest reducing powers possessed protocatechuic acid, caffeic, sinapic and ferulic acid, higher than BHT and comparable to Trolox. Methylated derivatives of coumaric acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid and syringic acid turned out to be weaker antioxidants and reducing agents than the free forms, except methyl ferulate, which possessed only slightly lower antioxidant activity than free ferulic acid, and in some measuring systems was a more effective antioxidant than ferulic acid.
The influence of cinnamic acid, 1-tryptophane, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, 2,4-dichlorophenol modifying IAA-oxidase activity and indoleacetic acid on the development and reproduction of cereal aphids in laboratory conditions was tested. We observed that IAA and Try stimulated the reproduction of cereal aphids whereas CA, DOPA and DCP decreased it.
Seven-day-old seedlings of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Wisconsin were treated with 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mM solutions of derivatives of cinnamic acid (ferulic and p-coumaric acids) and benzoic acid (p-hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acids) as stress factors. In cucumber roots phenolics (free and glucosylated), phenol β-glucosyltransferase (E.C. 2.4.1.35) activity as well as membrane permeability were examined. The most intensive glucosylation took place in the first hour of stress duration in roots treated with 0.01 mM ferulic and p-coumaric acids and with 0.01 and 0.1 mM p-hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acids. At these concentrations a high phenol β-glucosyltransferase activity was found. The deterioration of capacity for phenolic glucosylation as well as the decrease of the phenol β-glucosyltransferase was observed at the higher concentrations. It was associated with increased membrane permeability.
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