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Spindle microtubules and chromosome behavior in mitosis of Luzula luzuloides, a species with holokinetic chromosomes

100%

Madej A.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

1998

tom 40

The organization of spindle microtubules (MTs) was examined by light microscopy in mitotic cells of Luzula luzuloides, a plant with holokinetic chromosomes. Allium cepa cells were used as comparative material. Spindle structure and mitotic chromosomes were studied using phase-contrast microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) following anti-α-tubulin labeling and propidium iodide staining. The mitotic chromosomes of Luzula were rod-shaped and approximately similar in length, and did not possess primary constrictions. Luzula chromosomes untreated with saturated solution of α-bromonaphthalene, aligned in the metaphase plate, could not be observed as individuals. Their anaphase movement was specific; the spindle attachment was not localized but evenly distributed along the poleward edge of the chromosomes so that the chromatids moved apart in parallel, not forming the classical V-shaped figures characteristic of monokinetic chromosomes. The spindle of Luzula was relatively short with distinct blunt poleward ends. Microtubules were equally spread through the metaphase plate, indicating the holokinetic nature of Luzula chromosomes.

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Applications of recent advances at the Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research in cytogenetics of the Lolium-Festuca complex

88%

Humphreys M. W., Thomas H. M., King I. P., Morgan W. G., Meredith M. R., Harper J. A., Humphreys M. O., Bettany A. J. E., Dalton S. J., James A. R., Ougham H. J., Thomas H.

Journal of Applied Genetics

1997

tom 38

nr 3

Recent advances at Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research (Aberystwyth, U.K.) in cytogenetics of the Lolium/Festuca complex places us in the advantageous position of being able to map genes of agronomic importance onto chromosome arms using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The ability to physically map genes leads to the capability for "dissecting" quantitative traits into their different components and will lead to better understanding of the complex physiological processes involved and the identification of their genetic control. By tagging genes of interest, using molecular and morphological markers, it will be possible to select and combine suites of desirable genes in a single genotype and thus produce novel cultivars by conventional breeding procedures. Programmes for introgression depend on the relationships between species and on levels of chromosome pairing. Phylogenetic relationships within the Lolium/Festuca complex are being determined using both genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and FISH. With recent advances in genetic manipulation within the Lolium/Festuca complex, opportunities now arise for gene transfer from Lolium and Festuca species into other important agricultural crops.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

1 Journal of Applied Genetics

1 Bettany A. J. E.

1 Dalton S. J.

1 Harper J. A.

1 Humphreys M. O.

1 Humphreys M. W.

1 James A. R.

1 King I. P.

1 Madej A.

1 Meredith M. R.

1 Morgan W. G.

1 Ougham H. J.

1 Thomas H.

1 Thomas H. M.

1 1998

1 1997

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Spindle microtubules and chromosome behavior in mitosis of Luzula luzuloides, a species with holokinetic chromosomes

Applications of recent advances at the Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research in cytogenetics of the Lolium-Festuca complex