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The objective of this work was to create a sorption model of different pesticides in plant material. The above-quoted model includes graphic curves describing the pesticide’s behaviour in time (concentration level) depending on the place of sorption. Apart from curves the model also includes mathematical equations that allow us to predict the concentration of a pesticide in time function. The model has been developed based on research data obtained in a special experimental device. This article accounts for the transportation model of chosen xenobiotics in plants. Chlorothalonil were used as a model pesticide. Chlorothalonil is a nonsystemic fungicide that has been used to control disease of many fruits, vegetables, and other agricultural crops. As a method of sample preparation supercritical fluid extraction was used. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The detection limit (LOD) of chlorothalonil was on level 0.01 µg/g. and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was level on 0.03 µg/g.
The objectives of this work were to describe the residual behaviour of chlorpyrifos (insecticide) and chlorothalonil (fungicide), applied for the protection of carrot and parsley plantations. The field tests were carried out at farms located near Rzeszów (South-Eastern Poland) on processing carrot and parsley destined for baby food production. The results obtained indicated that disappearance rate of chlorothalonil on carrot leaves was significantly faster and its half-life time was about 7 times shorter than that of chlorpyrifos. In weather conditions of 2006, chlorpyrifos residues in rape carrot and parsley roots were reduced to levels lower than MRL and even the rigorous value of 0.01 mg/kg.
Disappearance of chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, vinclozolin and carbendazim, as active ingredients of agrochemicals commonly used for the protection of greenhouse vegetables against fungal diseases, was studied comparatively. It was found that initial residues of chlorothalonil and dichlofluanid dropped by half within 4 and 2 weeks after treatment, respectively, while the deposits of vinclozolin and carbendazim were the most persistent and after 5 weeks still constituted 50% of their initial levels. Therefore, the obtained results indicated that iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin should ensure the longest effective protection of greenhouse tomatoes while chlorothalonil, and especially dichlofluanid, for the shortest.
The aim of this work was to study the effect of new, conventional and natural products using preharvest treatments of head and chinese cabbage and their influence on control of postharvest diseases (grey mould and bacterial rot) in long-term storage. The most effective products against grey mould of head cabbage during long-term storage were: Signum 33 WG (0.75 kg/ha), Teldor 500 SC (1.5 l/ha), Amistar 250 SC (0.8 l/ha). Their effectiveness was similar to the reference product Amistar 250 SC (0.8 l/ha). The most protective control of bacterial rot and grey mould during long-term storage of chinese cabbage was obtained after treatment with Signum 33 WG (0.75–1.0 kg/ha) and Amistar Opti 480 SC (2.1 l/ha). High efficiency was obtained also after applying natural products: Timorex (7.5 l/ha), BM 608 (5.6 l/ha) and Prev-AM 060 SL (3.0 l/ha).
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