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Various studies of the components of the antioxidant protection system of microalgae D. armatus under the influence of osmotic stress and active forms of oxygen will allow to develop methods for controlling carotenogenesis in a given culture and to obtain carotenoid enriched feed for zooplankton. These studies made it possible to evaluate the activity of catalase, peroxidase enzymes in cells that are cultured under the induction of carotenogenesis by free radical oxidation promoters and osmotic stress on the background of physiological changes. It is established that under these conditions, there is an increase in volumes and aggregation of vegetative cells. At the same time, the amount of biomass remains at the level of the first day of inductors application. Against the background of a decrease in growth activity, a decrease in the number of metabolically active cells in cytochrome oxidase was observed. It is also shown that, when iron sulfate is introduced with hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride against the background of enhanced carotenogenesis, antioxidant systems are activated by increasing the activity of catalase and peroxidase. Under such conditions, it is possible to achieve increased production of carotenoids in Desmodesmus armatus culture.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of light on the production of carotenoids by Phaffia rhodozyma CBS 5626 yeast. The fed-cultures at different illuminance were conducted: in the dark, at constant illuminance of 400 lux and 600 lux, at variable illuminance. It was found that illuminance and time had a significant effect on the level of carotenoids synthesized by Phaffia rhodozyma CBS 5626. But these agents had no a significant effect on yeast dry matter yield. Light stimulated carotenogenesis in cells of the tested yeast; the highest yields of carotenoids were obtained in cultures run at illuminance of 400 lux, while the lowest in cultures run in the dark.
Carotenoids play an integral and essential role in photosynthesis and photoprotection in plants. They are isoprenoid pigments that also function as precursors of the plant growth hormone - abscisic acid (ABA) or components of flavor, colorants and nutraceuticals. Carotenogenesis (carotenoid biosynthesis) and its regulation have been studied in many plant species. The cloning and characterization of plant carotenogenic genes has provided new gene resources and molecular tools which are used to attain a new level of molecular understanding of carotenoid biochemistry and genetics. The knowledge can also be utilized to optimize carotenoids accumulation in crop plant.
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