Strong oxidants are used in water treatment technology as disinfectants and/or technological factors. Chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone and potassium permanganate are used as strong oxidants. However, application of the oxidants may lead to formation of undesired products. Much research has recently focused on identification of those products. Ozone has been primarily used for oxidation of specific admixtures of water (e.g. substances which made water taste or smell bad). Now it is also used to aid other technological unit processes such as coagulation, sorption on activated carbon etc. Ozonation is known to generate fruity odors in waters. This is caused by oxidation of humic substances and the formation of compounds with relatively low molecular weights. These compounds are usually described as ozonation by-products. The present paper reviews ozonation by-products, mechanisms of their formation, and their analysis.
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