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1

Prevalence of the bluetongue virus antibodies in ruminants imported to Poland in 2008

100%
Niedbalski W.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2009
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
175-178
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies to the bluetongue virus (BTV) in animals imported to Poland in 2008, the calves born to bluetongue positive cows and Polish-origin animals kept together with imported cattle. From January 1 to December 15, 2008, a total of 25,495 samples of sera was tested using the c-ELISA and direct ELISA. Out of the tested sera, 1,511 (5.92 %) were found to be positive for BTV. The majority of seropositive cattle were imported to Poland from Germany (987; 65.3%) and the Netherlands (290; 19.2%). Maternal antibodies were detected in 129 (8.5%) samples of sera taken from calves born to seropositive dams of German and Dutch origin. The high number of seroreagents was the result of bluetongue vaccination implemented in BTV-infected EU member States in 2008. In conclusion, it can be stated that surveillance studies should be continued to monitor the actual bluetongue status of Poland. However, an ELISA for the differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals should be introduced to laboratory practice to determine the number of BTV post-infected seropositive animals in the population of imported animals.
2

Seroprevalence of antibodies against bluetongue virus in animals imported to Poland from EU countries

84%
Niedbalski W., Kesy A.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2008
|
tom 11
|
nr 3
205-208
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of BTV-specific antibodies in animals imported to Poland from EU countries after 15 June 2006. From 1 January 2007 to 22 January 2008, a total of 10719 samples of sera collected from cattle, goats and fallow deer were tested. Sera were screened using the highly sensitive and specific c-ELISA test and positive results were confirmed by the AGID assay. Out of 10719 sera, 30 (0.28% of the total number of samples) were found to be positive in both tests applied. All of 21 seropositive cattle specimens were imported to Poland from Germany whereas 9 seropositive fallow deer were of Dutch origin. In conclusion, it can be stated that because BTV situation in Europe is getting worse, implemented surveillance studies should be continued to monitor the actual BT status in Poland.
3

New generation vaccines against bluetongue virus

84%
Niedbalski W., Fitzner A.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2018
|
tom 74
|
nr 06
Over the last three decades, a variety of approaches have been investigated to develop new types of bluetongue virus (BTB) vaccines, ranging from baculovirus-expressed subunit vaccines to live vector vaccines. DNA vaccines against BTV consist of DNA plasmid expressing different BTV proteins after inoculation of the animals. The recombinant viral vector vaccines against BTV are based on recombinant viruses that express desired BTV antigens in the host upon inoculation. Viruses such as vaccinia, modified vaccinia Ancara (MVA), capripox, canarypox, herpes, myxoma and fowlpox viruses have been used as vectors of BTV genes. The reverse genetics (RG) systems for BTV are useful tools for BTV vaccine development. Disabled infectious single-cycle (DISC) vaccines make it possible to restore virus replication and can be used for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). These vaccines are based on the production of a modified virus with a deletion in one or more genes that are essential for virus replication. Another approach for BTV vaccine development using RG is the disabled infectious single-animal (DISA) vaccine, generated by deletion of NS3/NS3a expression. DISC and DISA vaccines can mimic the natural tropism of the virus and can express BTV proteins at the site of infection. Important advantages of these new generation vaccines over the conventional BTV vaccines are their high efficacy as well as the possibility of applying them for DIVA. At present, there are a number of novel laboratoryscale BTV vaccines that could meet vaccine profiles required for different field situations. However, further development and licensing of these vaccine candidates for many BTV serotypes is needed in order to prepare for future BT outbreaks. To date, all novel BTV vaccines described in this paper are still under laboratory testing. They are not available commercially, and the time of their application in the field is still indefinite.
4

Abundance and species composition of Culicoides spp. biting midges near cattle and horse in South-Eastern Poland

84%
Larska M., Grochowska M., Lechowski L., Zmudzinski J. F.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2017
|
tom 62
|
nr 4
5
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Serological evidence of lack of contact with caprine herpesvirus type 1 and bluetongue virus in goat population in Poland

84%
Czopowicz M., Kaba J., Szalus-Jordanow O., Nowicki M., Witkowski L., Frymus T.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 4
Investigation into herd-level seroprevalence of caprine herpesvirus type 1 (CpHV-1) and bluetongue virus (BTV) was conducted in 2007 in Poland. It involved the entire population of goats covered by a milk recording program in 2007, which included 49 goat herds. The number of goats examined in each herd was determined statistically in order to detect the presence of at least one seropositive animal in a herd with a 95% probability and simple random method of sampling was applied. No antibodies to CpHV-1 or BTV were detected. Further calculations were carried out to determine the herd-level true seroprevalence, taking into account sensitivity and specificity of the test as well as several other factors. It can be concluded that till the middle of 2007 population of Polish goats covered by the milk recording program remained negative with respect to CpHV-1 and BTV.
6

Detection of bluetongue virus in blood samples of infected ruminants by RT-PCR for genome segment 7

84%
Niedbalski W.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2007
|
tom 51
|
nr 2
RT-PCR for the detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) in blood samples, collected from /infected animals, were described . Two primer sets targeting genome segment 7 of BTV were selected. The full-length S7 cDNA (1156 bp) was amplified in all samples of EDTA blood taken from BTV infected animals. No viral RNA was detected in samples from uninfected animals and seropositive cattle of Dutch origin, imported from Belgium on 7 August 2006. The method proved to be specific, as no positive reaction for foot and mouth disease virus, serotypes O and A, was observed. The applied RT-PCR is an accurate and reliable technique for the detection of BTV in EDTA blood samples. This assay is easy and quick to perform and the results are available within 10 h.
7

Occurrence of bluetongue virus in the population of animals imported to Poland from EU member states

67%
Niedbalski W.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2009
|
tom 53
|
nr 1
9-12
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bluetongue virus (BTV) in the blood of susceptible animals, tested in the frame of the BT national monitoring programme. The rRT-PCR assay was applied to virological examination of animals imported from BT-affected countries. On December 5, 2007, the BTV RNA was detected for the first time in blood samples of seropositive cattle from Germany. So far, the presence of the RNA was detected in 37 samples of blood collected from German cows and in one sample taken from Dutch fallow deer. The presence of viral RNA was also found in the blood taken from a 4-week-old calf born from BT positive dam imported from Germany. It was an evidence of the vertical transmission of BTV. The long persistence of BTV in blood of infected animals was demonstrated. The viral RNA was detectable as long as one month after the first collection. Taking into consideration the above results, the implemented virological monitoring tests, in parallel with the surveillance studies, should be continued to monitor the actual BT status in Poland.
8

BTV-vector-host interaction: the epidemiological triangle in disease transmission

67%
Niedbalski W.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2018
|
tom 74
|
nr 11
Understanding the interaction between the bluetongue virus (BTV), the Culicoides vector and the ruminant host is essential to control bluetongue (BT). This triangle of interaction can be understood individually at the level of the virus, the level of vector and the host level. BTV-vector-host interactions involve physiological and ecological mechanisms, and they have evolved under a specific set of environmental conditions. Recent advances in understanding this interaction include increased knowledge of the virus replication cycle, BTV immunology and pathogenesis in the vertebrate host, as well as the virulence and pathogenicity features of newly discovered BTV serotypes. To understand the virus-host-vector interaction, new molecular biology techniques and experimental infection biology methods have been widely used. The next-generation sequencing, the establishment of a reverse genetics system for the virus, and development of novel infection models and refinement of the existing BTV experimental infection methodologies have proven very helpful. This progress in biotechnology has also made it possible to develop new-generation BTV vaccines, such as disabled infectious single cycle (DISC) vaccines and disabled infectious single animal (DISA) vaccines. However, several questions still need to be answered, such as those concerning cellular pathways involved in the induction of innate immunity and the function of NS4 in the BTV replication cycle. In addition, the identities of specific molecular determinants and the role of quasi-species diversity in determining BTV phenotype are still unclear and should be better explained.
9

Serological investigation of bluetongue virus infection by serum neutralization test and Elisa in sheep and goats

67%
Bulut O., Yavru S., Yapkic O., Simsek A., Kale M., Avci O.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2006
|
tom 50
|
nr 3
10

Application of real-time reverse transcription PCR for the detecton of bluetongue virus

67%
Niedbalski W.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2008
|
tom 52
|
nr 2
Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) for the detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) in EDTA treated blood samples taken from BTV infected animals was described. A combination of two primer sets (representing eastern and western BTV serotypes) and two Taqman probes specific for a highly conserved region in BTV RNA segment 1 were used. The assay detected the viral RNA in blood samples collected from seropositive cattle imported to Poland from Germany at the end of 2007. No BTV RNA was detectable in samples from uninfected sheep. The rRT-PCR can provide quantitative as well as qualitative information and is more sensitive and much faster to perform than the conventional RT-PCR. It can be used in large-scale screening, because of its ability to simultaneous analysis up to 96 samples per run. The applied rRT-PCR is an accurate and reliable technique for the detection of BTV in blood samples.
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