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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the loss in body condition score (BCS) and loss (ΔBCS), energy balance (EB), hepatic lipidosis and blood serum concentration of non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose, triacylglycerol (TAG) and total bilirubin (tBIL) in healthy dairy cows during transition period. Twenty healthy Holstein cows were included and categorized into groups based on BCS loss (ΔBCS) between dry period and early lactation (ΔBCS <0.75 and ≥0.75). Significant differences between groups (p<0.05) were observed for blood serum NEFA, glucose and tBIL. Cows with high ΔBCS (≥0.75) between dry period and early lactation showed increased blood serum NEFA, TAG and tBIL concentrations and lower blood serum glucose concentration during transition period, compared to the low ΔBCS cows (<0.75). Metabolic profiles of cows during transition period indicate high level of lipid mobilization from adipose tissue, possible decreased liver cells TAG export and gluconeogenic ability and impaired bilirubin metabolism if ΔBCS is increased by more than 0.75 points. ΔBCS was in relation with energy balance (EB) in transition period.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of replacing cereal grains and soyabean oilmeal with rapeseed cake or glycerine in the rations of high-yielding cows. The experiment was carried out on 56 Polish HF cows allotted to 4 groups of 14 animals according to body weight, milk yield, and parity. The cows were fed rations differing in protein and energy content from 6 weeks before calving to 12 weeks of lactation. The basal diet of all groups was composed of silages, meadow hay and concentrate feeds. In the experimental groups, the cereal grains and soyabean oilmeal fed to the control group (C) were replaced by rapeseed cake (30%; groups RC and RCW6 ) or glycerine (5%, group G). For the entire experimental period, no statistical differences were found among the groups in the daily intake of dry matter and other nutrients, except PDIE. The control group cows produced about 1.2 kg/day less milk (P>0.05), but the contents of dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and urea in milk were similar. The highest concentration of free fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyric acid were found in the milk of the control cows. Introducing 5% glycerol into the diet did not cause any significant changes in production parameters. The serum metabolite profile of cows fed the experimental diets suggests that these cows could have been at a lower risk of ketosis.
The effects of two doses of a verbascoside-based dietary supplement on performance, some blood parameters, and plasma oxidative status in Lacaune suckling lambs were investigated. Twenty-four lambs were divided into three groups of eight animals each and fed per os a dietary supplement with a plant extract from Lippia citriodora containing a phenylpropanoid glycoside, verbascoside: the low-verbascoside (LVB) group received 2.5 mg per animal per day of natural extract, the high-verbascoside (HVB) group received 5.0 mg per animal per day, the control group (CON) did not receive dietary supplementation. The body weight, average daily gain, milk consumption and milk conversion index were determined for the experimental and control animals and blood samples were taken from all lambs. Dietary supplementation with verbascoside in both the LVB and HVB groups resulted in improved average daily gain (P < 0.01), milk consumption (p < 0.05), and serum lipid profile; the groups showed a decrease in triglycerides (p < 0.05) and an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (p < 0.05). Plasma oxidative status in lambs supplemented with verbascoside showed an improvement in homoeostatic stability that induced a significant decrease in reactive oxygen metabolites (P < 0.01) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (p < 0.05) concentrations and a marked increase in serum concentrations of vitamin E (P < 0.01) and vitamin A (p < 0.05)
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