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In Southern blot analysis of Paramecium genomic DNA using β-adrenergic specific oligonucleotides labelled with Digoxigenin-ddUTP, the DNA species of the same molecular size were detected by different molecular probes. The 6.5 kb DNA species hybridized with the probes directed to the adjacent β2-receptor transmembrane domains: to TM3 - including Asp 113 involved in β-agonists and antagonists binding, and to TM4 - the oligonucleotide being one of the "gene-specific universal mammalian sequence-tagged site”. Since a profound physiological effect of beta-agonists and antagonists has been previously observed in Paramecium, such a hybridization pattern may suggest an existence of Paramecium DNA sequences homologous to those of metazoan eukaryotes encoding for a membrane beta-adrenergic receptor.
The research was conducted on 5 inter-breed hybrid sheep, at the age of 10 to 24 months and of the body mass of 30-45 kg, which had bipolar electrodes implanted to uterus horns and shank. The registration of uterus myoelectric activity was performed on sheep 24 and 48 hours after sensitising with Stilboestrol, by the use of Reega Duplex TR XVI electroencephalograph. After recording the output activity, the sheep were applied intravenously in continuous injection: adrenaline – 0,12-0,18 μg ˇ kg-1 ˇ min-1, oxytocin – 0,25-0,4 i.u., propranolol – 1mg ˇ kg-1, isoprenaline – 0,4-1,5 μg ˇ kg-1 ˇ min-1, salbutamole – 0,4-0,8 μg ˇ kg-1 ˇ min-1. The experiment results are presented in the inclosed drawings. The conducted research revealed that the stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors causes the decrease or inhibition of uterus myoelectric activity of sheep sensitised with Stilboestrol.
The aim of this paper was to find out how pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) affects heart rate in males and females rats. Additionally, the concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was monitored. Male and female rats were treated by monocrotaline (i.p., 60mg/kg B.W.) or by equivalent volume of normal saline solution (n=40) and after 4 weeks right auriculae containing sinoatrial cells have been isolated and examined. We have measured heart rate of spontaneously beating right auriculae and serum level of TNF-alpha. In females with PAH, isoprenaline curve was shifted to the left (pD2 increased from 10,9±3 to 15±3, n=10, P<0,05), but in males with PAH maximal acceleration of beating rate induced by isoprenaline decreased from 175±10 to 146±8 beats/min, P<0.05). Additionally, reduction in heart rate induced by rilmakalim was more significantly decreased in females (from -89±7 to - 49±3 beats/min, n=10, p<0.01) than in males (from - 68±6 to - 46±4 beats/min, P<0.05) with PAH. We did not detect any changes in TNF-alpha in any experimental group. Our results imply that pulmonary hypertension increased sensitivity of sinoatrial cells to isoprenaline and decreased efficacy of rilmakalim to reduce heart rate more significantly in females then in males.
RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis were performed in order to search for a putative beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) in Paramecium using several β2-adrenergic-specific molecular probes.Under strictly defined RT-PCR conditions DNA species of expected molecular size about 360 bp were generated with the primers corresponding to the universal mammalian β2-AR sequence tagged sites (located within the 4th and the 6th transmembrane regions of the receptor). This RT-PCR product hybridized in Southern blot analysis with the oligonucleotide probe designed to the highly conservative β2-AR region involved in G-proteins interaction and located within the amplified region. Northern hybridization was performed on Paramecium total RNA and mRNA with human β2-AR cDNA and two oligonucleotide probes: the first included Phe 290 involved in agonist binding (Strader et al., 1995) and the second was the backward RT-PCR primer. All these probes revealed the presence of about 2 kb mRNA which is consistent with the size of β2-AR transcripts found in higher eukaryotes.
The aim of our study was to clarify the still controversial problem concerning the modulatory effect of β-adrenergic stimulation on the activity of Kv1.3 channels in human T Lymphocytes. Because the expression of β-adrenergic receptors in T Lymphocytes is significantly altered in patients with bronchial asthma we examined the cells taken both from healthy donors and asthmatic patients. We applied the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to study the modulatory effect of β-adrenergic stimulation on the whole-cell potassium conductance, gating and kinetics of Lymphocyte Kv1.3 channels. During the experiments β-adrenergic agonist Isoprenaline was applied at concentrations up to 10-4 M. It was shown that the activity of T lymphocyte Kv1.3 channels remain unchanged upon β-adrenergic stimulation both in cells taken healthy donors and asthmatic patients. Results of our investigations support the notion that β- adrenergic stimulation does not modulate the activity of Kv1.3 channels in human TL. The transient increase in T lymphocyte K+ channel activity upon β-adrenergic stimulation that has been reported in some previous studies is most probably due to an activation of recently identified, voltage-independent cAMP-responsive K+ channels.
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