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Background: The purpose of the following research was to find out the influence of imaginary training based on intention implementation on throw effectiveness of young basketball players, both male and female in stressogenic situations. Individual differences (action vs state orientation) between players were also measured in this research. Material/Methods: 76 players (32 females and 44 males) in the cadet category (15-16 years old) from basketball clubs of Gdansk, Gdynia and Sopot took part in this research. In the first stage all players did a throw efficiency test ERPE 05 under two conditions, and their heart rate was measured. Then players were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first one did imaginary training based on the influence of intention implementation for 10 days, while the other did not. After 10 days ERPE 05 test under two conditions was run again. Results: Test results showed that intention implementation does not influence effectiveness improvement in stressogenic conditions as far as state-oriented players are concerned, but it does lower the physiological cost of physical effort in form of a decreased heart rate. Conclusions: This research proves that visualization training based on implementation instructions does influence young players’ physiology and significantly lowers their heart rate under stressogenic conditions. However useful, visualization techniques used in this research still need other tests and should be applied for a longer period of time to acutely show how they affect young players’ mental preparation.
Rationale and objective of the study: In the study of coordination of motor abilities, motor performance tests without examining the internal structure of the movement were used. The objective of this study was to examine the kinesthetic differentiation capacity level and to stimulate muscles during a test among basketball players in intermediate and specialist stages of training. Material and methods: Among ten basketball players from two equal groups at different level of advancement in sport, who play at different positions on the field, kinesthetic differentiation capacity was assessed by the „Basketball shooting with different balls” test. In order to assess the muscle involvement during the test, they were connected to the EMG amplifier. Results: More advanced basketball players obtained better results in the test, by an average of 7.4 point out of 60. Tested muscle bioelectric tension was lower by 21.8% in advanced players and the difference in the non-dominant hand was as high as 34.6%. Conclusions: The research indicates that advanced players obtain better level of kinesthetic differentiation and their average muscle bioelectric tension during throws is lower compared to beginner players. The difference in bio-electrical muscle tension in the time of throwing different balls was smaller in basketball players who are more advanced in training, and in both groups in the dominant hand. Mean values of EMG signal in a selected time interval show greater variability among the more advanced players.
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