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The strain of Escherichia coli K-12 with high aspartase activity was irradiated with UV. After mutagenesis and selection, the mutant B-715 was isolated which was 4-times more active in L-aspartic acid biosynthesis than parental K-12 strain. The highest productivity was achieved while the strain was cultivated in the ammonium fumarate medium in 37°C for 18-30 hours. It was found that better results were obtained when before the main production step of biosynthesis of L-aspartic acid, the cells of E. coli B-715 were incubated in the activation medium with ammonium fumarate. Activation at 37°C was the most advisable for high efficiency of L-aspartic acid biosynthesis. The productivity of E. coli B-715 during 1 hour biosynthesis process was at the range 0.19-0.35 g of L-aspartic acid per 1 gram of dry mass (biomass) per minute.
The aspartase overproducing mutant B-715 was used as a donor of the aspartase gene for further construction of the aspartase-hyperproducing strains by molecular cloning. In preliminary experiments activity of transformants and their efficiency in L-aspartic acid biosynthesis were compared. The conditions for recombinant strain multiplication, biomass activation and L-aspartic acid biosynthesis were optimized. The optimum temperature for cells multiplication, their activation and for product biosynthesis was 37°C. Two-stage process of the multiplication of bacteria (first in LB medium, and then in FF medium) eliminates the appearing of the inclusion bodies of aspartase in the cells. The shaking during cell activation improved cells productivity. The change of pH in the course of the biosynthesis process was insignificant but did not influence the process.
Apoptosis is intimately connected to cell cycle regulation via the Retinoblastoma (Rb)-E2F pathway and thereby serves an essential role in tumor suppression by eliminating aberrant hyperproliferative cells. Upon loss of Rb activity, an apoptotic response can be elicited through both p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms. While much of this apoptotic response has been attributed to the p19ARF/p53 pathway, increasing evidence has supported the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in contributing to the initiation of the Rb-E2F-associated apoptotic response. One protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP-1B, which is induced by the Rb-E2F pathway, has been shown to contribute to a p53-independent apoptotic pathway by inactivating focal adhesion kinase. This report identifies two additional PTPs, SHP-2 and PTP-PEST, that are also directly activated by the Rb-E2F pathway and which can contribute to signal transduction during p53-independent apoptosis.
The study aimed at determining effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG), introduced in the perinatal period, on the reproductive system of .sexually mature female rats. ln days 2, 4, 6, 8, l0 the: newborns received s.c. injections of MSG (4 mg/g body weight) or2% NaCl solution. When the animals reached the age of 6, l2 or l8 months, their ovaries and uteri were isolated for histological and morphometric studies while in their sera estradiol level was estimated by the RIA technique. The perinatal injection of MSG was found to decrease relative weights of ovaries and uteri. In the ovaries increased numbers of primordial follicles and deceased numbers of graafian follicles were detected . Also the thickness of endometrium and of the epithelium, which lined the endometrium, were lowered in females, which received perinatal injections of MSG, as compared to the controls. Serum estradiol level in MSG injected females was lowered at the age of 12 and 18 month old females the alterations were accompanied by obesity and a decreased body length.
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