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1

Studies on ichthyofauna from an archaeological excavation on Wolin-Town [site 1, pit 6]

100%
Chelkowski Z., Filipiak J., Chelkowska B.
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
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2001
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tom 31
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nr 1
In sixteen early medieval settlement layers of the Wolin-Town, which correspond chronologically to the period from 7th to mid 13th century, the occurrence of 16 463 bone remains of fishes was stated, of which 9 799 pieces were identified anatomically and their specific affiliation was determined. These bones as well as scales found in the excavation belonged to 27 fish species. Amongst them were 13 cyprinid and 3 salmonid species. Based on the comparative study of the bones, a total of 4 645 fish were determined and their estimated weight amounted to 9 308 kg. The quantitative dominants were: Stizostedion lucioperca L. (31.6%), Abramis brama L. (26.2%), Perca fluviatilis (15.5%) and Rutilus rutilus L. (11.3%). The total weight dominants were: Stizostedion lucioperca L. (36.4%), Acipenser sturio L. (35.4%), and Abramis brama L. (14.8%).
2

Animal remains from the archaeological excavation at Gromnik Hill (Rummelsberg) in Poland

84%
Chroszcz A., Krupska A., Janeczek M., Pospieszny N., Jaworski K., Pankiewicz A.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Medicina Veterinaria
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2010
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tom 09
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nr 1
The Gromnik excavations were carried out between 2005 and 2007 as the part of an extensive scientific project. During the visual-comparative analysis the animal bone remains were identified and classified. The osteometric measurements and osteoarchaelo- gical analysis was carried out. The osteoarchaeological investigations proved the majority of bovine remains. The shoulder height estimated and the percentage of bone remains are similar to other medieval findings in Silesia. Some marks of human activity according to the animal body utilization were described. The x-ray investigation of bovine finger skeleton with pathological changes was done.
3
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Comparative analysis of fluoride content in sheep mandibles from archeological excavations in Szczecin according to individual age and time of being deposited in soil

84%
Snioszek M., Telesinski A., Musik D., Zakrzewska H.
Journal of Elementology
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2008
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tom 13
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nr 4
675-684
Bones can be a very good marker of environmental contamination by fluoride. Bones in a living organism have a different composition than in a dead one. As a result of adsorption from soil, bones from archeological excavations usually have more fluoride than those in a living body, and a significant portion of the fluorides they contain are acquired after death. This paper presents the results of a studies on fluoride content of sheep mandibles from archeological excavation sites in Szczecin. An attempt was undertaken to define how the chronological age of the bones and the time they had been lying in soil affected the bones. The material consisted of sheep mandibles from several excavations sites: Szczecin Mścięcino, Szczecin Rynek Warzywny, and Szczecin Zamek Książąt Pomorskich (Szczecin Castle of Pomeranian Dukes). Cultural layers in these excavations were mostly formed from humus and humus with sand and clay. The fluoride content was determined by an ion-selective electrode with the pH/mV Orion 920A. Fluoride content was determined in 270 mandibles, which were classified into sheep age categories and according to the archeological age of the bones. The individual and archeological age of the sheep bones was determined by archeologists during the initial tests of the bones. A comparative evaluation of the significance of differences in the average fluoride content in the bones was performed by means of a single factor analysis of the orthogonal variance. The least significant differences were estimated by Tukey’s test. The results show that the fluoride content depends on the individual age of animals and the chronological age of bones. The fluoride content of the sheep mandibles increased along with the individual age of the animals. Moreover, chronologically younger bones contained significantly less fluoride than older ones. In the sheep mandibles which lay longer in soil, the fluoride content tended to increase with the chronological age, while in chronologically youngest bones the tendency was reverse.
4

The fish fauna of early-medieval layers of the vegetable market excavation site in Szczecin, Poland

84%
Chelkowski Z., Klyszejko B., Chelkowska B., Sobocinski A.
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
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2005
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tom 35
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nr 1
Background. The more than 10-metre deep archaeological site called the Vegetable Market (Kraut Markt), located near the Pomeranian Dukes’ Castle in Szczecin, was explored in 1953–1964. The site was found to contain 20 early-medieval sediment layers and a layer overlying the basement consisting of riverine mud. Historically, the layers spanned a period from the second decade of the 10th to the beginning of the 5th decade of the 13th century. Materials and Methods. The dig yielded numerous cultural artefacts, including fish remains examined during this study. The present paper summarises continuation of research on fish bone remains. The research allowed to identify a total of 10 085 bones in 725 labelled collections. The identified bones of 20 fish species were compared with bones of the extant known fish species, belonging to individuals of various size. The analysis made it possible to estimate the lowest abundance and weight of the fish present at the archaeological site examined. Results. The assemblage of 20 species, the remains of which were present in sediment of the site, turned out to be dominated, in terms of abundance, by carp bream (26.4%), followed by zander (17.5%), roach (15.9%), tench (9.5%), wels catfish (9.6%), northern pike (6.3%), European perch (6.0%), sturgeon (3.1%), and asp (2.2%), the total fish weight being dominated by sturgeon (31.3%), followed by wels catfish (27.0%), zander (15.3%), carp bream (10.6%), northern pike (5.1%), tench (4.2%), roach (2.2%), asp (2.1%), and European perch (1.1%). The remaining 11 species (twaite shad, European chub, ide, rudd, zope, white bream, Baltic vimba, ziege, crucian carp, European eel, and ruffe) contributed much less both to the abundance and to the weight.
5

Identification of fish remains from early-mediaeval layers of the vegetable market excavation site in Szczecin, Poland

51%
Klyszejko B., Chelkowski Z., Chelkowska B., Sobocinski A.
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
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2004
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tom 34
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nr 1
Background. Considerable amounts of fish bones and scales were discovered in 1953-1963, in an archaeological excavation pit situated in a former Vegetable Market in Szczecin, on the left bank of River Odra. Materials and Methods. Bone remains comprising 725 labelled collections from various dated sediment layers were identified. Individual bones were compared to those of corresponding extant fish species from water bodies near Szczecin and were identified to bone type and assigned to species. The scales were identified as well. Results. A total of 10 085 (76.2%) bone remains, out of 13 229, could be identified. They belonged to 20 fish species. Most abundant were remains of carp bream (Abramis brama), zander (Sander lucioperca), roach (Rutilus rutilus), tench (Tinca tinca), wels catfish (Silurus glanis), European perch (Perca fluviatilis), northern pike (Esox lucius), and sturgeon (Acipenser sturio). Conclusion. The majority of fish species targeted by early-mediaeval fishermen are also very important in the present-day fisheries in the area. It can be presumed that intensive sturgeon fishery in early Middle Ages markedly contributed to the species′ extinction from the area.
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