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1

The comparison of FLOTAC, FECPAK and McMaster techniques for nematode egg counts in cattle

100%
Bosco A., Rinaldi L., Maurelli M. P., Musella V., Coles G. C., Cringoli G.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2014
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tom 59
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nr 4
Three methods, FLOTAC, FECPAK and McMaster were compared for accuracy and sensitivity for counting numbers of nematode eggs in faeces of naturally infected cattle with high or low nematode egg counts. Only FLOTAC gave positive results for 12 replicates from pooled samples with low egg counts making it more sensitive than FECPAK (67%) and McMaster (41.7%). FLOTAC resulted in generally higher egg counts and lower coefficients of variation than the other two methods used. The reliability of FECPAK and McMaster is depended on the area under the slide counted. All three methods can be used for making decisions whether to treat but FLOTAC or Mini-FLOTAC should be used for faecal egg count reduction tests when lower egg counts are present.
2

Determining anthelmintic-resistance of cyathostomes using anthelmintics from two drug classes

84%
Vysniauskas A., Kaziunaite V., Kharchenko V. A., Pereckiene A., Tolliver S. C., Lyons E. T.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2006
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tom 62
|
nr 08
883-886
The experiment was conducted at the Vilniaus irgynas horse breeding farm in Lithuania, where horse strongyles resistance to fenbendazole (FBZ) was detected earlier by an FECR test. The experiment included 4 naturally-infected horses. The following anthelmintics were administered to three experimental horses: first FBZ @ 7.5 mg/kg BW, and subsequently ivermectin (IVM) @ 0.2 mg/kg BW 13-14 days later. One control horse was not treated. The elimination of strongyles after treatment with FBZ lasted 35-95 hours, and 36-38 hours after treatment with IVM. In total, 87422 small strongyles (cyathostomes) were expelled in the faeces of horses treated with FBZ and IVM. The treatment with FBZ in each experimental horse reduced the strongyle faecal egg count (FEC) by 94.5%, 86.3%, and 83.1% (average 88.0%), and strongyle worm burdens by 81.4%, 67.1%, 48.1% (average 65.5%), respectively. A total of 5491 cyathostomes were collected and thirteen species of cyathostomes were found (Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus leptostomus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicocyclus ashworthi, Cylicostephanus goldi, Cyathostomum pateratum, Coronocyclus labiatus, Cylicostephanus minutus, Coronocyclus labratus, Cylicocyclus insigne, Cylicostephanus calicatu, Coronocyclus coronatus). It was determined that Cylicocyclus ashworthi, Cylicocyclus nassatus, and Cylicostephanus goldi had developed strong resistance to FBZ (54.69%, 53.02%, and 34.10%, respectively); Cyathostomum catinatum was less resistant (16.83%). Cylicostephanus longibursatus and Cyathostomum pateratum were considered to be weakly resistant, whereas Cylicocyclus leptostomus exhibited no resistance at all. The results of this study indicate that the use of the two anthelmintics have a potential value for detecting anthelmintic-resistance in horse strongyles and could be used as an alternative to necropsy. However, this recommendation requires further investigation.
3

Gastrointestinal nematodes infections and anthelmintic resistance in grazing sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia in China

84%
Han T., Wang M., Zhang G., Han D., Li X., Liu G., Li X., Wang Z.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2017
|
tom 62
|
nr 4
4

Pseudodactylogyrosis in Anguilla anguilla (Actinopterygii: Anguilliformes: Anguillidae): change of control strategies due to occurrence of anthelmintic resistance

51%
Buchmann K., Kania P. W., Neumann L., De'Besi G.
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
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2011
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tom 41
|
nr 2
Background. The European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), is considered an endangered species and a series of protective measures have been implemented within the European community in order to enhance natural stocks. Restocking natural habitats with larger eels reared from the glass-eel stage in recirculated farming systems may be one solution. Gill diseases caused by monogenean parasites of the genus Pseudodactylogyrus are currently causing morbidity and mortality in these farms and previously applied standard treatments have recently failed. Therefore the applied control methods should be verified and novel solutions proposed. Materials and methods. Eels infected by Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae were obtained from a typical recirculated eel-culture system which had been treated regularly but recently unsuccessfully with benzimidazole anthelmintics. In the laboratory infected eels were subjected to bath treatments with flubendazole (5 or 10 mg · L–1) or praziquantel (5 or 10 mg · L–1) for 24 h at 25ºC and parasite infections were recorded three days post-treatment. Results. Gill monogeneans, Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae, were not controlled by the anthelmintic flubendazole at any of the dosages tested whereas praziquantel showed a significant effect when used as bath (5 and 10 mg · L–1). Conclusion. The failure of flubendazole for control of pseudodactylogyrosis may result from selection of anthelmintic resistant parasite strains due to use of benzimidazoles for decades. Future treatment regimes during acute outbreaks may be based on praziquantel. A risk for future continued selection for anthelmintic resistance exists and supplementary non-chemical methods (mechanical and biological) in rearing of European eel should be emphasized in the future management practice of eel.
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