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New aspects in the treatment of hypertension

100%
Maretskyi V.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2015
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tom 09
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nr 3
Hypertension is currently the leading cause of cardiovascular complications (heart attack, stroke) and the resulting deaths of patients. Reduced morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular complications is the main goal of treating patients suffering from high blood pressure (BP). To achieve target BP levels in the arsenal of physicians are five major classes of antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, β-blockers, diuretics. The choice of antihypertensive drug in concrete clinical situation often complicated and determined by complex factors. Among these presence of risk factors; target organ damage; associated clinical conditions, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, comorbidities; possible individual patient response to antihypertensive drugs of different classes in history; the likelihood of drug interactions; socio-economic factors, including the cost of treatment of hypertension. Promising is the use of angiotensin II receptor blockers - drugs with pleiotropic pharmacological properties that have a multicomponent antihypertensive efficacy, good tolerability, diverse organoprotection that are safe, able to enhance remote prognosis for patients with hypertension. Azilsartan medoxomil is a competitive reversible angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. Azilsartan developing hypotensive effect faster, prolonged and pronounced compared to other sartans (valsartan, candesartan and olmesartan). In addition to antihypertensive action azilsartan medoxomil shows a number of additional pleiotropic effects. These include antithrombotic, antiproliferative and antyfibrotic action. It demonstrates the improvement in glucose tolerance and tissue insulin sensitivity, improves endothelial function, reduces the progression of albuminuria, proteinuria.
2
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Role of Mas receptor antagonist (A779) on pressure diuresis and natriuresis and renal blood flow in the absence of angiotensin II receptors type 1 and 2 in female and male rats

84%
Mansoori A., Oryan S., Nematbakhsh M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2014
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tom 65
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nr 5
3
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Comparison between the effects of lisinopril and losartan on the cough reflex in anesthetized and awake rabbits

84%
Mutolo D., Cinelli E., Bongianni F., Evangelista S., Pantaleo T.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2013
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tom 64
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nr 2
4
Content available remote

Adropin, nesfatin-1 and angiotensin II receptor expression in the abdominal aorta in ovariectomized rats after nesfatin-1 treatment

84%
Pawlowska-Olszewska M., Puzio I., Tymicki G., Kalisz G., Sroka-Bartnicka A., Blicharz-Kania A., Nowakiewicz A., Kosior-Korzecka U., Kulak K.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2019
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tom 70
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nr 6
5
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Upregulation of angiotensin AT1a receptors mRNA in the heart and renal medulla after myocardial infarction in rats

84%
Milik E., Szczepanska-Sadowska E., Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A., Dobruch J., Morton M., Koperski L.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2006
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tom 57
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nr 3
The myocardial infarct causes prolonged activation of the renin-angiotensin system and profoundly influences cardiac performance and renal excretory capabilities. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the myocardial infarct is also associated with an altered expression of AT1a receptors (AT1aR) mRNA in the heart and the kidney. To this end male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected either to the left coronary artery ligation or to the sham surgery. Four weeks after the surgery the animals were sacrificed. In 11 infarcted and 10 sham-operated rats expression of AT1aR mRNA in the walls of the left and right ventricle of the heart, and in the renal cortex and renal medulla was determined by semiquantitative PCR method. In another group of 10 infarcted and 14 sham-operated rats the diameter of cardiomyocytes in the left and right cardiac ventricle was determined. The size of the infarct in the rats used for mRNA determination and for morphometric measurements was equal to 29.4 ± 1.8% and to 31.0 ± 1.2 % of the left ventricular wall, respectively. Expression of AT1aR mRNA was significantly greater in the left (P< 0.01) and right ventricle (P<0.03) of the heart in the infarcted than in the sham operated rats. AT1aR mRNA expression was also significantly greater (P<0.02) in the renal medulla of the infarcted rats than in the renal medulla of the sham operated rats whereas no significant difference was found in the renal cortex. The myocardial infarct was associated with a significant increase of diameter of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle of the heart (P < 0.0001), however there was no significant correlation between changes in AT1aR mRNA expression and diameter of cardiomyocytes. The results provide evidence that the myocardial infarct results in significant and prolonged upregulation of AT1a receptors mRNA expression in the heart and in the medullary region of the kidney.
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