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A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans

100%

Gheerbrant E., Sudre J., Cappetta H., Iarochene M., Amaghzaz M., Bouya B.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2002

tom 47

nr 3

We describe a new primitive proboscidean, Daouitherium rebouli gen. et sp. nov., from the early Ypresian of the Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco, which also yielded Phosphatherium. It is the earliest known large mammal from Africa and one of the oldest known proboscideans. It has true lophodont molars similar to those of Barytherium and Numidotherium. It is closer to these genera and more advanced than Phosphatherium (e.g., morphology of the mandible), but it is also primitive in striking features known also in Phosphatherium (absence of diastema, retention of two additional teeth in front of p2). A parsimony analysis of Daouitherium suggests its intermediate phylogenetic position between the basal, small Phosphatherium and the large, more derived Numidotherium and Barytherium. Daouitherium is a better candidate for the ancestry of N. koholense than Phosphatherium, but it is also specialized. Daouitherium and Numidotherium may belong to the same basal radiation of “Barytherioidea”. However, the family referral of Daouitherium is uncertain (Numidotheriidae?). The discovery of such a large and derived proboscidean with respect to Phosphatherium in the same African beds of such antiquity is evidence of an unexpected early diversity of proboscideans and of the old origin of the order. It also supports the African origin of Proboscidea s.s.

First tillodont from India: Additional evidence for an early Eocene faunal connection between Europe and India?

80%

Rose K. D., Rana R. S., Sahni A., Kumar K., Singh L., Smith T.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2009

tom 54

nr 2

351-355

Vastan Lignite Mine in southeastern Gujarat, India, produces the oldest known Cenozoic land−mammals and the only early Eocene continental vertebrate fauna known from India (e.g., Bajpai et al. 2005; Rana et al. 2005, 2008; Rose et al. 2006, 2008, 2009; Smith et al. 2007; Rage et al. 2008). The fauna comes from the Cambay Shale Formation and has been dated as middle Ypresian (~52 Ma, early Cuisian) based on a common nummulitid foraminiferan from about 15 m above the vertebrate−producing layer (Sahni et al. 2006; Rana et al. 2008). However, a recent study of dinoflagellate cysts from the section suggests that the deposits may be as old as 54–55 Ma (Garg et al. 2008). Although some elements of the fauna, such as anthracobunids and lagomorphs, have Asian affinities, a surprising number of taxa among the snakes, bats, insectivores, primates, rodents, and artiodactyls appear to be most closely related to early Eocene European or North American taxa. This may simply reflect the poor state of knowledge of contemporary south Asian vertebrate faunas; alternatively, it might be evidence of previously unsuspected early Eocene faunal exchange between Europe and southwest Asia. We report here two teeth of a tillodont from Vastan Mine, which constitute the first record of the mammalian order Tillodontia known from India. Despite the much greater generic diversity of tillodonts in Asia than elsewhere, the Vastan tillodont shows clear affinities with Euramerican esthonychines.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

1 Amaghzaz M.

1 Bouya B.

1 Cappetta H.

1 Gheerbrant E.

1 Iarochene M.

1 Kumar K.

1 Rana R. S.

1 Rose K. D.

1 Sahni A.

1 Singh L.

1 Smith T.

1 Sudre J.

1 2009

1 2002

Wyniki wyszukiwania

A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans

First tillodont from India: Additional evidence for an early Eocene faunal connection between Europe and India?