The results of the study of antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from various clinical material of the patients of Ternopil University hospital are presented in this article. Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. and gram- positive cocci dominated in tested material. About 28,6-75,8 % of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonasa spp. were susceptible to imipenem and amykacin . From 50,0 % to 76,7% strains of Е. coli were susceptible to amykacin, cephalosporins of ІІІ generation and quinolones. Staphylococci had high level of resistance to lincomycin, cefazolin, levofloloxacin and rifampicin, but usually were susceptible to vancomycin, oxacillin, methicillin. As it is known, the considerable increase of number of purulent diseases exciters with multiresistance to antibiotics is observed in the whole world an in Ukraine too. A substantial part of them belongs to the causative agents of various nosocomial infections [Lin 2011]. It is believed, that microbes, which are resistant to one or more antibiotics [Bao et al. 2013], cause about 70 % of infectious diseases. In September 2001, the World Health Organization accepted global strategy of prevention of microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents spread [Werarak et al. 2010]. The appearance of such program was conditioned by strongly marked global tendency of reducing the susceptibility bacteria to antimicrobial drugs, which often acquires regional peculiarities So, this program guarantees the effectiveness of such vitally important drugs as antibiotics, not only for the present generation, but also in the future. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are often regarded as the epicenter of spread of bacteria which are resistant to antibiotics, as the use of these ones in such wards is in ten times more than in another type of hospital wards Doctor’s practical activities conirms that real monitoring of the spread of bacterial antibiotic resistant strains should be establish in any hospitals [Vogelaers et al. 2010]. As inopportune prescribed adequate and rational antibacterial therapy won’t causes necessary eradication of the pathogen, thereby substantially makes disease duration worse, increases the cost or disease treatment, and sometimes patient mortality rate [DiCocco et al. 2009]. For prevention the spread of antibiotic resistant strains the special microbiological passport of any department is recommended to make, and when beginning of antibacterial therapy theses data must be taken into consideration [DiCocco et al. 2009]. Familiar with main trends of resistance of the most important causative agents of nosocomial infections is necessary for the antibiotic choice in concrete as well as for elaboration of programs of empirical antibiotic therapy in the hospital [Prisacari 2013 et al., Polverino et al. 2013]. Aim of investigation: Analysis of the features of antibiotic resistance of microbes isolated from the patients of Ternopil University Hospital during 2012, for the rational selection of antimicrobial agents to be used for further treatment. Materials and methods A microbiological monitoring of antibiotic resistance of 231 strains of bacteria isolated from clinical material (oropharyngeal mucus, sputum, tracheal and bronchial aspirate, wounds’ discharges.) was performed. The examination of biological material and interpretation of the results was performed according to generally accepted guidelines [Varivoda et al. 2009]. Berey’s classifiication was used for identifiication of isolated microorganisms, semiautomatic analyzer «Vitek – 2 compact 15”was used After primary isolation of causative agent and its identifiication susceptibility of microorganisms to such antibiotics as:cefoperazone, cefepime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, amikacin, levofloloxacin, meropenem, tobramycin, tikartsyllin/ clavulanate (for Enterobacteriaceae and gram-negative nonfermentative bacteria – P.aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp.), oxacillin, vancomycin, azithromycin, lincomycin, rifampicin, cefazolin, cefepime, ciprofloloxacin, levofloloxacin was perfomed by Kdisc-diffusion (Kirby-Bauer technique) [Varivoda et al. 2009].
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