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The studies were carried out on 40 sheep infested naturally with gastro-intestinal round-worms. The animals were divided at random into four groups, each consisting of 10 animals. The sheep of group I were treated with Nilverm (10 mg/kg of body weight), of group II with Systamex (5 mg/kg) ang of group III with Fenbesan (10 mg/kg). No drugs were given to the control group. Copro- scopic examinations and biochemical tests of sera and haematological examinations were performed on day 0, day 7 and day 14 after the treatment. In sheep of group I no eggs were found on day 7, in group II they were found in 3 animals and in sheep of group III in 4 animals. On day 14 after the treatment the eggs of group I were absent in feces, in sheep of group II the eggs were found in 5 animals and in sheep of group III in 3 animals. The intensity of the invasion in sheep of the group I was 0, in group II it decreased from 18.700 to 1.800 on day 7 and on day 14 and in group III from 30.300 to 2.200 on day 7 and to 1.300 on day 14 after the treatment. In control sheep infestation was 100% (16.300 to 16.500 eggs per 1 g). No significant influence of the drugs was observed on the activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes and the level of haemoglobin and haematocrit. As to the drugs, Nilverm proved to be most effective (100%), then Fenbesan (effectiveness - 70%) and Systamex (effectiveness - 50%).
The studies started on 40 sheep at the age of 7 months infested by gastro-intestinal nematodes, and ended after lambing. Group I received Vita-E-Selen at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b/w, group II was treated with Systamex at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg b/w, group III was given both the preparates and group IV (untreated) served as a control. The selenium and Systamex preparáte were applied at sexual puberty, before mating, at the 1 week of pregnancy, 7 days before lambing and on day 7 after weaning. The application of Vita-E-Selen, Systamex or both preparates decreased extensiveness of invasion of gastro-intestinal nematodes from the Trichostrongylidae and Ancylostomatidae families. The preparates did not affect activity of aspartic aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, level of cholesterol and urea in blood plasma.
The influence of selenium and Systamex was examined on 40 sheep 7-month old, naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes. The periods of development and pregnancy were taken into account. In group I Vita-E-selen was applied at a dose of 1 ml/kg b/w, in group II Systamex at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg b/w was applied and in group III both preparates were used. Group IV was untreated and served as a control. The preparates were applied to sheep at puberty, before covering in the first week of pregnancy, a week before lambing and one week after weaning of lambs. Intensiveness and extensiveness of parasitic invasion in control animals was minimal at puberty (47%), significantly higher during covering and pregnancy (77% and 80%, respectively), the lowest during lambing, lactation and drying period. In the experimental groups mainly in group II and III significantly lowered intensiveness and extensiveness of invasion by gastro-intestinal nematodes were observed. An especially low number of parasitic eggs was found in the feces of sheep during puberty (300-900 eggs/g), while a higher one during other periods of physiological development of sheep. The highest number of eggs per 1 g of feces was noted during pregnancy after the application of selenium (66 000/g). Selenium did not significantly affect the intensiveness and extensiveness of invasion. However, selenium used together with Systamex largely reduced the invasion of gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep and improved the condition of animals.
Studies were performed on 40 sheep infested by coccidia and Strongyloides papillosus divided into four groups. Group I received Vita-E-selen at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b/w; group II was treated with Systamex at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg b/w; group III received both preparates; and group IV - untreated - served as a control. Vita-E-selen and Systamex were applied at the period of sexual maturation, before mating, at the first week of gestation, 7 days before parturition and 7 days after weaning. Vita-E-selen and Systamex did not affect extensiveness of S. papillosus infestation to the greatest extent during drying period, mating, gestation and delivery. Moreover, there was noted some synchronization of Eimeria spp. and S. papillosus invasion; when increased extensiveness of S. papillosus invasion decreased extensiveness of coccidial infestation. This observation can be explained by the competition of these parasites in colonizing intestinal mucosa and by induced immunity.
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